Chapter 1,2- Enlightenment and English civil war

Question 0

Name the philosopher that believed civilization is the downfall of man, everyone is equal and should live in a state of nature with decisions made by a community

Answer 0

Rousseau

Question 0

Name the philosopher who believed there should be 3 levels of powers in government that provide a check and balance on the work each level does

Answer 0

Montesquieu

Question 1

Name the philosopher that believed man is naturally good, you have rights, and you can rebel against an unjust ruler

Answer 1

Locke

Question 2

Name the philosopher that believed you have the right to religious freedom and free thought and believed the best ruler is an enlightened ruler

Answer 2

Voltaire

Question 3

Name the philosopher who believed man is evil, the ruler has absolute power and you cannot rebel

Answer 3

Hobbes

Question 4

Describe the distribution of the population and wealth amongst the upper class, middle and lower in the 17th century England

Answer 4

Upper class had smallest population and the largest amount of wealth; the middle had equal proportions and wealth; lower had largest population and smallest amount of wealth

Question 5

What is the official religion of England

Answer 5

Anglican

Question 6

Difference between Anglicans and Puritans

Answer 6

Anglican- elaborate churches, services and ceremonies

Puritans- plain churches, simple services and wore dark clothes

Question 7

Name 2 groups of people who were persecuted during the witch hunt

Answer 7

Unmarried women; widowed women; women with medical knowledge; social misfits

Question 8

What 2 rights does the Magna Carta 1215 grant

Answer 8

Personal freedoms and king must consult parliament and rule with parliament

Question 9

Define absolute monarchy

Answer 9

Monarchy (king or queen) has absolute power and control

Question 10

Define divine right of kings

Answer 10

Powers of the king were given to him by God and his rule cannot be questioned

Question 11

Use 3 words to describe how James I ruled

Answer 11

Absolute monarch; divine right of kings; incompetent advisors; spoke too much; tyrant created illegal taxes to fund his extravagant lifestyle

Question 12

Name 2 ways in which Charles I illegally raised money to fund his extravagant lifestyle

Answer 12

Ship money; tonnage and poundage; forced loans; sold noble titles; forced people to billet soldiers; sold royal properties

Question 13

Why was the court star chamber not democratic

Answer 13

Charles I did not give people a fair trial or any rights as a prisoner

Question 14

What was to be granted to people in the petition of rights

Answer 14

Right to fair trial

Question 15

Identify 2 of Charles I incompetent advisors

Answer 15

Duke of buckingham; lord Strafford; archbishop laud

Question 16

Explain Charles I relationship with parliament

Answer 16

Charles ruled without parliament and closed down whenever they didn’t give him what he wanted