Chapter 1 & 2 - Alliances and Growth in Tension

Question 1

Members in the triple alliance

Answer 1

Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy

Question 2

Countries in the Triple entente

Answer 2

Great Britain, France and Russia

Question 3

HMS Dreadnought facts

Answer 3

Carry 800 soldiers
Travel at 22 knots
Armour was between 28-35cm thick
Had a gun range of 32km
Was launched in 1906

Question 4

German navy laws

Answer 4

Passed in 1898 and 1900
Allowed permission of 16 battleships 1898
In 1900, increased to 46
60 cruisers

Question 5

Rheinland

Answer 5

German response to the HMS Dreafnought, was just as revolutionary

Question 6

Naval Race - Dreadnought numbers

Answer 6

Britain - 29
Germany - 17

Question 7

The British expeditionary force (BEF)

Answer 7

In 1906, BEF was formed by war minister Richard Haldane
144,000 professional soldiers

Question 8

Describe the Schlieffen Plan

Answer 8

Targeted Germany’s two main land enemies (Fra and Rus)
Go through Belgium to the French border at high speeds using railways
Surround and capture Paris, forcing France to surrender
Turn back to the east to face Russia, who were estimated to take 6 weeks to Mobilise
Was simple, but failed.

Question 9

When was the schlieffen plan created

Answer 9

December 1905

Question 10

Plan 17

Answer 10

Was created in 1913, if war broke out France would launch an all-out attack on Alsace-Lorraine to make them part of France again
Then cross the river Rhine and advance to Berlin

Question 11

When was the first Moroccan crisis?

Answer 11

1905-1906

Question 12

What happened in the first Moroccan crisis? (France)

Answer 12

France had been trading with Morocco for minerals but they were worried about the weakness of the country, so there was secret agreement in 1900, 1901 and 1904, where it was agreed that it would become a French mandate.

Question 13

German reaction in the first Moroccan crisis

Answer 13

Germany wanted equal economic rights in Morocco and were upset. They assured Sultan Aziz of their support to resist France. On the 31 march 1905, Kaiser Wilhelm landed in Tanger, and there was a dramatic display of support for the sultan.

Question 14

When was The Algeciras conference

Answer 14

16th January - 7th April 1906

Question 15

The Algeciras conference

Answer 15

France refused to risk a war against Germany, so 13 countries attended but A-H was the only Germany supporter. In the end it was agreed that France would control Moroccan affairs, but everyone was free to trade. It was only a temporary way to solve this problem and led directly to the second Moroccan crisis.

Question 16

When was the second Moroccan crisis?

Answer 16

1911-1912

Question 17

What happened in the second Moroccan crisis?

Answer 17

There was rebel tribes around the capital , so the sultan appealed to France, who sent soldiers.
Germans thought France was trying to occupy Morocco, so Germany sent the gun boat SMS Panther on the 1st July 1911. This increased tensions because Britain thought it was a threat to the naval base in Gibraltar, which led to the entente naval agreement.

Question 18

Entente naval agreement

Answer 18

After the second Moroccan crisis, the British Royal Navy would protect northern France and the French fleet would protect British interests in the Mediterranean.

Question 19

When was the Bosnian crisis?

Answer 19

1908-1909

Question 20

The Bosnian crisis

Answer 20

Turkish revolution
Austria-Hungary annexed Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Serbia had no support sent a formal protest.
Russia helped, but neither wanted to risk a war with Germany
Dispute ended.

Question 21

What countries took advantage of the Turkish Revolution in 1908?

Answer 21

• Austria-Hungary annexed Bosnia and Herzegovina.
• Ruler of Bulgaria crowned himself King and Bulgarian independence

Question 22

When was the first Balkan War?

Answer 22

October 1912 - May 1913

Question 23

What happened in the first Balkan War?

Answer 23

Short and Bloody
Turkish troops couldn’t keep up with the armies of the Balkan League
Turkey surrendered and agreed to give up all land in Europe after a conference in London.

Question 24

When was the second Balkan War?

Answer 24

June 1913 - August 1913

Question 25

What happened in the second Balkan War?

Answer 25

King Ferdinand of Bulgaria was not happy with how land was divided.
Bulgaria attacked Serbia and Greece.
Romania and Turkey joined in hoping to gain land.
Bulgaria wanted an armistice.
Most land went to Serbia, and some to Turkey.

Question 26

What were the results / effects of the Balkan Wars?

Answer 26

• Serbia doubled in size
• Bosnia-Herzegovina wanted to join Serbia
• A-H became increasingly worried about a revolt in its empire
• A-H was determined to control Serbia
• Bulgaria wanted revenge on Serbia

Question 27

Why did Balkan Nationalism grow and cause the formation of the Black Hand Gang

Answer 27

• Serbs in Austria-Hungary wanted to be a part of Serbia
• They were encouraged by the independence of Bulgaria
• Slavs began to develop a sense of nationalism

Question 28

When was the Black Hand Gang formed?

Answer 28

22 May 1911

Question 29

How many members did the Black Hand Gang have?

Answer 29

2,500

Question 30

Why were the Black Hand able to enter A-H easily to plant bombs, and carry out assassinations?

Answer 30

All border Guards were Black Hand Gang members

Question 31

Why was the Archduke Franz Ferdinand visiting Bosnia

Answer 31

• Rising Tension in the Balkans
• Black Hand Gang activities worried the A-H government
• Visit Army exercises and then to city officials

Question 32

When was Archduke Franz Ferdinand Assassinated?

Answer 32

28th of June 1914

Question 33

Why did Franz Ferdinand visit Bosnia on the 28th of June - what was the importance of the day?

Answer 33

Serbian National Day

Wedding Anniversary w/ wife

Question 34

How did Franz Ferdinand get assassinated?

Answer 34

• 3 failed attempts to murder
• Gavrilo Princip ended up killing with 2 shots (Franz & Sophie)

Question 35

When did Germany declare war on Russia?

Answer 35

1 August

Question 36

When did Britain declare war on Germany?

Answer 36

5 August