Chapter 1 & 2

Question 1

Pathology

Answer 1

Branch of medicine that investigates the essential nature of disease

Question 2

Clinical Pathology

Answer 2

Pathology applied to the solution of clinical problems

Question 3

Pathogenesis of disease

Answer 3

Development of unhealthy :
-conditions
- disease
- cellular events and reactions
“How things progress”

Question 4

WHO IFC model

Answer 4

World Health Organization
International classification of functioning, disability, and health
Draw model - GO!

Question 5

Illness vs disease

Answer 5

Illness
- sickness or deviation from a heathy state
- unhealthy condition of the mind and body
Disease
- biological or psychological alteration that results in a malfunction of a body organ or system
-altercation in the body’s homeostasis
*disease can occur w/out being aware of illness and person can feel ill w/out an obvious pathogenic process being identified

Question 6

Incidence

Answer 6

of new cases of a condition in a specific period of time vs total # of ppl in pop who are at risk

Question 7

Prevalence

Answer 7

All cases of condition (new or old) among those at risk for developing the condition

Question 8

Etiology

Answer 8

Study of the cause of a disease

Question 9

Idiopathic

Answer 9

Unknown cause

Question 10

Latrogenic

Answer 10

Cause of disease from a prescribed treatment

Ie. cancer —> immune system drops —> Cdiff.

Question 11

Nosocomial

Answer 11

Cause of disease acquired from a hospital environment

Ie. came to ER —> another pt has flu —> you catch the flu

Question 12

Sign vs symptom

Answer 12

Sign
- touch
-see
-measurable/testable
Symptom
- subjective
Ie. Pain

Question 13

Disease Prevention

Answer 13

Primary
- removing or reducing disease risk
Secondary
- promote early detection
- prevention of future complications
Tertiary
- limiting impact of established disease

Question 14

NSAID’s

Answer 14

Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs
-reduce inflammation
- pain relief
- reduction of fever
Potential complications:
- gastrointestinal symptoms -inhibition of enzyme cycle oxygenate 1 and 2 which helps synthesize prostaglandins —>inhibited, decrease in mucosal barrier of the GI tract
- kidney dysfunction - regulates BP —> inhibited, sodium retention, may increase BP
- antiplatelet activity some surgeons do not want use of NSAIDs b/c of this

Question 15

Corticosteroids

Answer 15

Naturally occurring hormone
Glucocorticoid- decreases inflammation
Turns off genes involved in producing inflammatory agents
Turns on genes that produce anti-inf proteins
Adverse effects
-weight gain
-fluid retention
-hyperglycemia
-increased susceptibility to infection
-change in mood and sleep