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Physical Science Unit 1 > Chapter 1, 2, 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 1, 2, 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

Physical Science

A

Study of matter and energy

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2
Q

Scientific method

A

A series of steps that scientists take to answer questions and solve problems.

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3
Q

Observation

A

Any use of the senses to gather information

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4
Q

Data

A

Pieces of info gathered through experimentation

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5
Q

Theory

A

A unifying explanation for a broad range of hypotheses and observation supported by testing

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6
Q

Law

A

A summary of many experimental results and observations, a law tells you how things work

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7
Q

Volume

A

The amount of space that something occupies or the amount of space that something contains

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8
Q

Mass

A

The amount of matter that something is made of, it’s value does not change with the objects location in the universe

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9
Q

Temperature

A

A measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in an object

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10
Q

Density

A

The amount of matter in a given space, mass per unit volume

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11
Q

Meniscus

A

The curve at a liquids surface by which you measure the volume of the liquid

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12
Q

Gravity

A

A force of attraction between objects that is due to their masses

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13
Q

Weight

A

A measure of the gravitational force exerted on an object, usually by the earth

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14
Q

Newton

A

The SI unit of force

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15
Q

Inertia

A

The tendency of all objects to resist any change in motion

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16
Q

Physical property

A

A property of matter that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the matter.

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17
Q

Chemical property

A

Describes a substance based on its ability to change into a new substance with different properties.

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18
Q

Physical change

A

Affects one or more physical properties of a substance, most physical changes are easy to undo

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19
Q

Chemical change

A

Occurs when one or more substances are changed into entirely new substances with different properties, cannot be reversed using physical means

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20
Q

States of matter

A

The physical forms in which a substance can exist

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21
Q

Solid

A

The state in which matter has a definite shape and volume

22
Q

Liquid

A

The state in which matter takes the shape of its container but has a definite volume

23
Q

Gas

A

The state in which matter changes in both shape and volume

24
Q

Pressure

A

The amount of force exerted on a given area, the SI unit for pressure is the pascal

25
Q

Plasma

A

The state of matter that does not have a definite shape or volume and whose particles have broken apart, plasma is composed of electrons and positively charged ions.

26
Q

Change of state

A

The conversion of a substance from one physical form to another

27
Q

Melting

A

The change of state from a solid to a liquid

28
Q

Endothermic

A

The term used to describe a change in which energy is absorbed, the change can be a physical or chemical change

29
Q

Freezing

A

The change of state from a liquid to a solid

30
Q

Exothermic

A

The term used to describe a change in which energy is released or removed, the change can be physical or chemical

31
Q

Vaporization

A

The change of state from a liquid to a gas, includes boiling and evaporation

32
Q

Boiling

A

Vaporization that occurs throughout a liquid

33
Q

Evaporation

A

Vaporization that occurs at the surface of a liquid below its boiling point

34
Q

Condensation

A

The change of state from a gas to a liquid

35
Q

Sublimation

A

The change of state from a solid directly into a gas

36
Q

Particles are close together in a…..

A

Liquid and solid

37
Q

Particles are held tightly in place in a…..

A

Solid

38
Q

Particles break away completely from one another in a….

A

Gas

39
Q

Gas changes______ to fill a container.

A

Volume

40
Q

Gases and liquids change _______ to fill a container.

A

Shape

41
Q

_______ can be used in hydraulic systems.

A

Liquids

42
Q

Gases obey ______ law.

A

Boyles

43
Q

Particles vibrate in place in a….

A

Solid

44
Q

_______ has surface tension.

A

Liquids

45
Q

Particles have orderly arrangement in this type of solid.

A

Crystalline

46
Q

_______ said that as a volume of a gas increases, it’s pressure decreases.

A

Boyle

47
Q

Because of surface tension,liquids form spherical _______.

A

Drops

48
Q

Has no definite shape or volume, conducts electric current.

A

Plasma

49
Q

If a substance pours very slowly, it has high

A

Viscosity

50
Q

Iron ______ is also known as fools gold.

A

Pyrite

51
Q

The SI unit for measuring mass is a

A

Kilogram

52
Q

A _________ property is always the same, whether the sample observed is large or small.

A

Characteristic

Physical Science Unit 1 (1 decks)

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