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Govt 2305 > Chapter 1,2,3 > Flashcards

Chapter 1,2,3 Flashcards

1
Q

Autocracy

A

A form of government in which a single individual- king, queen, or dictator rules

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2
Q

Oligarchy

A

Small group controls most of the governing decisions (landowners, military officers)

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3
Q

Autoritarian

A

Few legal limits; some limits imposed by social group

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4
Q

Totalitarianism

A

Government has no formal limits on its power and seeks to absorb or eliminate social institutions that challenge it

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5
Q

Constitutional Government

A

Limits are placed on power of government

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6
Q

Democracy Direct

A

Citizens permitted to vote directly on laws and polices

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7
Q

Democracy Representative

A

You elect someone to represent you

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8
Q

Liberal

A

Favor regulation of Economy.

Limited government role on social issues

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9
Q

Conservative

A

Limited government role on Economy.

Favor government involvement in social issues.

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10
Q

Libertarians

A

Limited government involvement in both Economy and social issues

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11
Q

Pluralism

A

All should be free to compete for influence in the government: outcome of this competition is compromise and moderation

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12
Q

Shay’s Rebellion

A

Showed lack of national unity

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13
Q

Virginia Plan

A

Favored Population

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14
Q

New Jersey Plan

A

Favored equal representation

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15
Q

3/5 Compromise

A

every 3/5 of a slave counts as a citizen

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16
Q

Concurring

A

Solicitor General

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17
Q

The Great Compromise

A

The Connecticut Compromise

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18
Q

Separation of Powers

A

Prevent concentration of power:
Legislative Branch
Executive Branch
Judicial Branch

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19
Q

Check and Balances

A

Each branch would have some control over the other branches

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20
Q

Commerce Clause

A

Article 1 Section 8:

Gives Congress the power to regulate commerce with foreign nations and among states

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21
Q

Full Faith and Credit Clause

A

Article 4 Section 1:

Honor public acts and judicial decisions that take place in another state

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22
Q

Privileges and Immunities Clause

A

State cannot discriminate against someone from another state or give residents privileges

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23
Q

Necessary and Proper Clause

A

Expands power of the National Government

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24
Q

Amendment Process

A

Article 5

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25
Q

Expressed Powers

A

Powers the Constitution gave congress and the President (power to tax)

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26
Q

Implied Powers

A

Not specifically expressed but implied through the expansive interpretation of delegates powers (IRS)

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27
Q

Inherent Powers

A

Powers held by the U.S. President which are not specified in the Constitution, but which are needed to efficiently perform the duties of the office.

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28
Q

Concurrent Powers

A

Authority possessed by both State and National government

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29
Q

Police Powers

A

power reserved to the state gov to regulate the health, safety, and morals of the citizens

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30
Q

Federal system

A

System of gov where power is divided by a constitution between a certain gov and regional gov

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31
Q

Dual Federalism

A

government powers were shared between the federal and state government

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32
Q

Cooperative Federalism

A

All 3 levels of government work together to combat a crisis

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33
Q

Devolution

A

a policy to remove a program from one level of government by delegating it or passing it down to a lower level of government such as from the national movement to the state and local government

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34
Q

Confederation

A

Regional levels of gov have power independent of the national gov

35
Q

Unitary system

A

A centralized go system in which lower levels of gov have little power independent of the national government

36
Q

Block Grants

A

Federal grants-in-aid that allow states considerable discretion in how the funds are spent

37
Q

Categorical Grants

A

congressional grants given to states and localities on condition that expenditures be limited to a problem or group specific by law

38
Q

States rights

A

the principle that the step should oppose the increasing authority of the national government; this principle was most popular in the period before the Civil War

39
Q

Supremacy Clause

A

If federal government passes a law the states can’t make laws against it

40
Q

Federal Mandate

A

Federal order imposed upon states( Americans with Disabilities Act)

41
Q

Requirements/Terms- Congress

A

25 years old
citizen of the United States
be an inhabitant of the state they represent
6yr term limit

42
Q

Fillbuster

A

tactic used by members of the Senate to prevent acton on legislation they oppose by continuously holding the floor and speaking until the majority backs down

43
Q

Gerrymandering

A

the apportionment of voters in districts in such a way as to give unfair advantage to one racial or ethnic group of political party

44
Q

Franking

A

free mail/ advertising

45
Q

Pork

A

Local projects that are often not needed

46
Q

Impeachment Process

A

Starts in the House of Representative

Moves to the Senate (2/3 vote required)

47
Q

Congressional Committees

A

Standing- Permanent, propose/ write legislation
Select- Temporary, highlight/investigate issue within committee
Joint-has members of both Senate/House
Conference- Work out a compromise on House and Senate

48
Q

Power of Senate

A

Impeachment
Tax Bills
Amendment process

49
Q

Legislative process

A 
Receives Bill
Committees
Subcommittees
Rule Committee in the House 
Vote in Senate
Floor action in both chambers 
Conference committee
50
Q

Markup

A

rewrites legislation to change during hearing of Bill

51
Q

Incumbent

A

someone who already holds office

52
Q

Logrolling

A

Agreements are made between legislators in voting for or against a bill; vote trading

53
Q

Oversight

A

monitor Presidents actions and over see government agencies

54
Q

Casework

A

Members of Congress provide to constituents who request assistance.

55
Q

redistricting

A

redrawing district map for gain/loss in House seats

56
Q

Patronage

A

is the dispensation of favours or rewards such as public office, jobs, contracts, subsidies, prestige or other valued benefits by a patron (who controls their dispensation) to a client

57
Q

Requirements/term- President

A

Must be 35
Natural Born Citizen
Resident for 14 Years

58
Q

Diplomatic recognition

A

what countries we deal with

59
Q

Cabinet

A

secretaries, or chief administrators, of the major departments of the federal government; Cabinet secretaries are appointed by the president with the consent of the Senate

60
Q

Inner cabinet

A

Most important Cabinet

61
Q

Kitchen Cabinet

A

Jackson cabinet

62
Q

22nd Amendment

A

Limits President to two terms in office

63
Q

25th Amendment

A

Vice President

64
Q

Line of Succession

A 
Vice
Speaker of the House 
Senate President Pro tempore
Secretary of State
Secretary of the Treasure
65
Q

Vice Presidents Role

A

Balancing the Ticket
Supporting Prez
Presidential Succession

66
Q

Original Jurisdiction

A

Authority to initially consider a case

67
Q

Appellate Jurisdiction

A

authority to hear appeals from a lower court decision

68
Q

Judicial review

A

Power of the court to review and if necessary declare actions of the legislative or executive branches unconstitutional

69
Q

Marbury v. Madison

A

Established Judicial Review

70
Q

McCulloch v. Maryland

A

Established National Supremacy

71
Q

Judicial Activism

A

go beyond the words of the Constitution

72
Q

Judicial Restraint

A

refuse to go beyond the Constitution

73
Q

Rule of Four

A

to hear a case you need 4 justices

74
Q

Amicus Curiae

A

individual/group who seek to assist Court in reaching a decision by presenting additional briefs

75
Q

Stare decisis

A

doctrine that a previous decision by a court applies as a precedent in similar cases until that decision is overruled

76
Q

Writ of Certiorari

A

at lest 4 of the nine Justices to review a decision of a lower court

77
Q

Federal Court Structure

A

Trail Courts
Courts of Appeal
Supreme Court

78
Q

Affirm

A

upheld decision

79
Q

Reverse

A

the decision

80
Q

Remand

A

conclude that a mistake was made in lower court

81
Q

Unanimous

A

9-0

82
Q

Majority

A

8-1

83
Q

Split

A

4-4

84
Q

Concurring

A

opinion on why the majority was wrong

Govt 2305 (2 decks)

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