Chapter 1 & 2

Question 1

Plasma Membrane

Answer 1

Maintain, control passages in between, select/ regulate barrier. (holds together)

Lipid bilayer in which proteins are imbedded. All cells are surrounded by a plasma membrane. It is composed of a bilayer of phospholipids perforated by proteins. Proteins in the bilayer help transport substances across the hydrophobic core of the membrane. Cholesterol in the membranes of animal cells helps maintain the fluidity of the membrane. The plasma membrane defines the outer boundary of each cell, isolates the cells contents from the environment, and serves as a semipermeable barrier that determines which nutrients are allowed in and out of the cell.

Found in plants, animals, and bacteria.

Question 2

Nucleus

Answer 2

(a public library) Houses the DNA. Command center of the cell.

Eukaryotic cells contain a nucleus. the nucleus is spherical structure surrounded by two membranes, together called the nucleus envelope. the nuclear envelope is studded with nuclear pores that regulate traffic into and out of the nucleus. inside the nucleus is chromatin, composed of DNA and proteins. the nucleus is where where ribosomes are produced. All eukaryotic cells contain a nucleus surrounded by a double nuclear membrane which houses the DNA. Inside the nucleus is the nucleus which is where ribosomes are assembled.

Found in animals and plants.

Question 3

Ribosome

Answer 3

(manufactoring plant) Protein synthesis.

Ribosomes are found in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. ribosomes are built in the nucleus and shipped out of the nucleus through nuclear pores to the cytoplasm where they are used as workbenches for protein synthesis they can be found floating in the cytoplasm or tethered to the ER.

Found in plants, animals, and bacteria.

Question 4

Smooth ER and Rough ER

Answer 4

(Manufacturing plant)
Smooth ER= Lipid synthesis.
Rough ER= protein synthesis and distribution or transport.

The ER is a large network of membranes that begins at the nuclear envelope and extends into the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell. ER with ribosomes attached is called rough ER. Protein synthesized on rough ER will be secreted from the cell or will become part of the plasma membrane. ER without ribosomes attached is called smooth ER. The function of the smooth ER depends on the cell type but includes tasks such as detoxifying harmful substances and synthesizing lipids. Vessels are pinch off pieces of membrane that transport substances to the Golgi apparatus or plasma membrane.

Found in animals and plants.