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Construction > Chapter 1 & 2 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 & 2 Flashcards

1
Q

CSI

A

Construction Specification Institute

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2
Q

3 E’s

A

Economic, Ecological, Ethical

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3
Q

L.E.E.D

A

Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design

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4
Q

InsUlation

A

Keeps the hot out and the cold in.

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5
Q

InsOlation

A

“radiation” Solar gain from the sun

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6
Q

Orthographic Projections

A

Straight lines that relate to each other in a 2D field

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7
Q

Slope %

A

slope = rise/run X 100

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8
Q

Trees Provide ________.

A

Shade from sun, aesthetics, noise dampening, windbreak, directs views, defines space, stabilizes soil, improves air quality.

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9
Q

Altitude

A

Angular elevation of the sun above the horizon

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10
Q

Azimuth

A

The angle of the horizontal deviation, measured clockwise, of a bearing from a standard south direction.

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11
Q

Cold Region

A

Decrease surface area to reduce exposure to low temps

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12
Q

Temperate Region

A

Elongating the building on the east and west axis and maximize south facing walls

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13
Q

Hot-arid Region

A

Building forms should enclose courtyard spaces use evaporative cooling with water features and provide shade for windows and outdoor spaces

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14
Q

Hot-humid Region

A

Elongate on East-West axis and minimize east-west exposure. utilize wind, provide shade

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15
Q

Passive solar heating

A

Uses solar energy to heat interior of building without relying on mechanical systems

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16
Q

Direct gain

A

Heat is collected directly within the interior space.

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17
Q

Indirect Gain

A

heat is collected outside of building and transferred through wall into space

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18
Q

Roof Pond

A

heat is absorbed and passed into building through water on roof which is controlled with an insulation panel

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19
Q

Isolated Gain

A

Heated outside- heat rises- then cools and falls for reheating

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20
Q

Horizontal overhangs

A

Best facing south- ledge over window

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21
Q

Horizontal Louvers

A

bars parallel to wall, blocks sun and allows far air movement
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|

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22
Q

Slanted Louvers

A

More protection than parallel
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|
|

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23
Q

Louvers Hung from Overhang

A

_____
=
=

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24
Q

Vertical Louvers

A

Rotate with sun giving best shade possible

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25
Q

Egg Crates

A

Give best shading and very effective in hot climates

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26
Q

Solar Blinds

A

50% reduction in radiation and 40% heat absorption from heat-absorbing glass

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27
Q

North Windows

A

Soft diffused skylight

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28
Q

East-West Windows

A

Need blinds to help block out bright early mornings and late afternoon sun

29
Q

Light Shelving

A

Blocks out majority of sun (heat) but lets reflects light up into ceiling.

30
Q

Cistern

A

Collects water

31
Q

Swale

A

low spot in floor to transfer water

32
Q

Zoning ordinance

A

Controls where and what can be built, also controls town layout and growth plans

33
Q

Set Backs

A

How close something can be built to an object

34
Q

Easement

A

Law stating that Utilities services can access your land to get to their equipment

35
Q

Building Code

A

Restricts: Type of occupancy, fire rating, and construction. As well as Height and Floor areas and set backs

36
Q

Stairs

A

11” Tread 4-7” Riser

37
Q

Tactile Strip

A

Pads that are bumpy allowing blind people to know where a crossing is.

38
Q

Handy Cap Stall

A

96” minimum width

39
Q

Rip-Rap

A

Gravel and rock filled slope of channel that slows and dissipates water flow

40
Q

Filter Fabric

A

Separates old earth from new earth

41
Q

Cribbing

A

Interlocking frames that are then filled

42
Q

Concrete Retaining Wall

A

Holds lateral pressure of slope keeping it from moving

43
Q

Cold joint

A

Two part wall that is poured on site

44
Q

Key Way

A

locks to pieces together once set

45
Q

Retaining wall types

A

Gravity Wall, T-Type Cantilevered Wall, Counter-fort Wall, L-Type Cantilevered Wall, Horizontal Timber Wall, Brick Veneer Wall, Dry Stone Wall

46
Q

Types of Pavers

A

Brick Paver- 4X4X8,12,1 ||| Concrete Unit Paver- 12,18,24X1.5-3” ||| Interlocking Pavers 2.5-3.5” thick ||| Grid/Turfblock ||| Granite Cobble ||| Cut Stone |||

47
Q

Paver Patterns

A

Unit running bond, Stack Bond, Unit Basket Weave, interlocking basket weave, octagon and dot, Roman cobble, Coursed Ashlar, Unit & interlocking herringbone, turf block, random stone

48
Q

Bones

A

Structural System- Columns, beams, truss’, load bearing walls. Transmits applied gravity into ground

49
Q

Skin

A

Enclosure System- Roof exterior walls, windows, and doors. Controls bad weather– heat and cold

50
Q

Guts

A

Mechanical System-

51
Q

Prescribed vs Performance

A

Prescribed has plans and lists while performance may go beyond requirements it could be problematic to build

52
Q

Economic Considerations

A

Initial cost, labor, transportation

53
Q

Life Cycle Costs

A

maintenance, operating, demolition, replacement parts, interest in invested money

54
Q

Construction Practices

A

What tech can we use to build it faster better and safer

55
Q

International Building Code

A

created in 2000

56
Q

Fire Resistance ratings

A

Burns in hours

57
Q

Type I

A

Non combustible building like steel, concrete, and brick

58
Q

Type II

A

Same but reduced FP Rating

59
Q

Type III

A

Exterior are Non combustible but interior can be anything

60
Q

Type IV

A

Heavy Timber

61
Q

Type V

A

All wood

62
Q

Type A

A

Non Sprinkler

63
Q

Type B

A

Sprinkler

64
Q

Building Occupancy Uses (9)

A

A-Assembly B-Business E-Educational F-Factories H-Hazardous I-Institutional M-Mercantile R-Residential S-Storage

65
Q

Static/Dead Load

A

Act vertically downward permanently (gravity)

66
Q

Dynamic/Live Load

A

Forces on building that can be moved- snow, water, wind, furniture

67
Q

Impact and Seismic

A

Something striking the building or an earthquake

68
Q

Roof pitched more than 30*

A

Creates downforce

69
Q

Roof Pitched less than 30*

A

Creates suction

Construction (2 decks)

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