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Physics Unit 1 > Chapter 1 + 2 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 + 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

Pair Production

A

One gamma ray photon has enough energy to produce a Particle Antiparticle Pair

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2
Q

Annihilation

A

Particle meets antiparticle and Annihilate converting mass into energy
Gamma Ray Photons Produced

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3
Q

Alpha Emission

A

Only happens to big Atoms
Proton number -2
Neucleon number -4

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4
Q

Beta Emission

A

Neutron Rich Nuclei
Emission of electron from nucleus
Proton number +1

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5
Q

Proton Number

A

Number of protons

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6
Q

Nucleon Number

A

Number of protons and neutrons

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7
Q

Isotopes

A

Elements with same number of protons but different nucleon number

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8
Q

Hadrons

A

Feel Strong Nuclear force

Baryons and Mesons

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9
Q

Baryons

A

Proton is only stable Baryon
Total Baryon number never changes
Protons and Neutrons

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10
Q

Quarks

A

Fundamental particles
Proton uud
Neutron udd

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11
Q

Properties Conserved in Particle Interactions

A

Charge- Always
Baryons Number- Always
Strangeness- Strong interactions

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12
Q

Fundamental Forces

A

Strong—-Gluon—-Hadrons
Electromagnetic—-Photon—-Charged
Weak—-W+,W-,Z—-All
Gravity—-Graviton—-All

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13
Q

Photoelectric Effect

A

Shine light of high enough frequency onto the surface of a metal it will emit Electrons

1) Free electrons on the surface of the metal absorb energy from the light and vibrate
2) If electron absorbs enough energy the bonds holding it to the metal will break and the electron is released
3) This is the Photoelectric effect and the particle released is a photo electron

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14
Q

Threshold frequency

A

f=wd/h

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15
Q

Max Kinetic energy

A

hf=wd+1/2mv^2

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16
Q

Photon Model

A

E=hf
When light hits surface of metal it is bombarded by photons
If photon collides with free electron it will gain energy = to hf

17
Q

What does the Photoelectric effect tell us

A

No photo electrons are emitted if the radiation has a frequency below a certain value—-Threshold Frequency
Number of photo electrons emitted is per second is proportional to intensity
The max kinetic energy increases with the frequency of the radiation and is unaffected by intensity

18
Q

Energy Levels

A

Electrons in an Atom can exist in energy levels
Electrons can move down an energy level by emitting a photon
1ev=1.6x10^-19

19
Q

Wave Particle Duality

A

Light produces inference and diffraction patterns

If wave like light showed particle properties, Particles like electrons should be expected to show wave like properties

20
Q

Proton

A

Charge +1

Mass 1

21
Q

Neutron

A

Charge 0

Mass 1

22
Q

Electron

A

Charge -1

Mass 1/2000

23
Q

Antiparticles

A

Anti Proton
Anti Neutron
Positron
Electron Anti neutrino

24
Q

Mesons

A

Pions

Kaons

25
Q

Feynman Diagram

A

Incoming particles at the bottom
Baryons on one side Leptons on the other
W bosons carry charge from one side to the other
W- left = W+ right

26
Q

Leptons

A 
Don't feel strong nuclear force
Electrons and Neutrinos
Electron----Neutrino
Muon----Neutrino
Tau-----Neutrino
They all have charge or -1
Neutrinos have charge 0
27
Q

De Broglie Wavelength

A

Wavelength=h/mv

28
Q

Specific Charge

A

Ratio of charge to mass in a neucleus

29
Q

Anti Particle Quark Composition

A

3 antiquarks

30
Q

Excitiation

A

excitation promotes an (orbital) electron to a higher energy/up a level

31
Q

Ionization

A 
ionisation occurs (when an electron receives enough energy) to leave the 
atom
32
Q

What is likely to happen to Particles after its creation

A

Annihilation

33
Q

Electromagnetic Interaction

A

Photon

34
Q

Weak Interaction

A

W+

35
Q

Gravity Interaction

A

Graviton

36
Q

Strong Interaction

A

Gluon

37
Q

Florescent Tubes

A

Use excited electrons to produce light

Physics Unit 1 (2 decks)

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