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Electronics > Chapter 1, 2 > Flashcards

Chapter 1, 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Two principal quantities in circuits?

A

Current
Voltage

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2
Q

Objective of circuit analysis?

A

Determine unknown currents and voltages

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3
Q

Source

A

Provides energy

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4
Q

Load

A

Consumes energy for some purpose

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5
Q

Ideal wire

A

Conducts electric charge without any loss of potential

Good approximation: for many applications

Poor approximation: long-distance transmission lines, microscopic ICs

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6
Q

Every point on a node has same electric potential.

True or False

A

TRUE

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7
Q

Branch

A

Single electrical pathway

Consists of wires and elements

Elements of a branch said to be in series

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8
Q

Loop

A

Any closed pathway, both physical and conceptual

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9
Q

Mesh

A

Closed electrical pathway not containing other closed physical pathways

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10
Q

Branch (describe the structure)

A

Any circuit with two terminals

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11
Q

Node

A

Junction of two or more branches

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12
Q

Electric current

A

Rate at which charge passes through a predetermined area

Unit is ampere (A)

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13
Q

What does the arrow symbol indicate?

A

The assumed direction of the current

Current represented by i (italicized)

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14
Q

What electrical path is required for nonzero current?

A

Closed electrical path

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15
Q

What is the fundamental electric quantity?

A

Charge

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16
Q

What is the charge of an electron?

A

q(e) = -1.602 x 10^-19 Coulomb

Unit: C

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17
Q

What is an electric current?

A

Time rate or change of charge

18
Q

Electric current
i (italicized)
formula?

A

dq/dt
AKA
C/S

19
Q

1 Ampere (A) = ?

A

1 (C/S)

20
Q

The charge (Q or q) transported by a constant current of one ampere in one second.

Provide the formula

A

1C = 1A (italicized) times 1s

21
Q

What must be the net sum of currents crossing any closed boundary (node or supernode)?

Also provide the equation

A

It must equal zero.

Sum of C(n) = 0
C - L(sub1) - L(sub2) - L(sub3) = 0
C = L(sub1) + L(sub2) + L(sub3)

22
Q

Kirchoff’s Current Law (KCL)

A

Sum of the currents at a node must equal zero.

Aka inputs = outputs

23
Q

Voltage:

Usage?
Units?
Also called?

A

Work or energy required for the charge to move between two points in a circuit.

Unit is volts (V)

Also called Potential Difference

24
Q

What does the voltage direction indicate?

What is voltage direction also known as?

A

Direction indicated whether energy is gained or lost by the charge.

Direction is also known as polarity.

25
Q

Kirchhoff’s Voltage Law

A

Net change in electrical potential around a CLOSED loop is ZERO

26
Q

Symbol for earth ground

A

o
|
—-
—
-

27
Q

Symbol for ground

A

————
———
—

28
Q

Ideal voltage source

A

An electrical device that will generate a prescribed voltage at its terminals independent of the current

29
Q

How is the current determined in an ideal voltage source?

A

Determined by the circuit connected to the voltage source

30
Q

Ideal current sources

A

Generated current independent of the voltage across its terminals

31
Q

How is the voltage determined in an ideal current source?

A

Amount of voltage determined by the circuit

32
Q

Dependent (controlled) sources

A

Output depends on some other voltage or current within the circuit

33
Q

Resistance

Name the outcome and unit.

A

Resistance leads to energy dissipation in the form of heat.

Can be desired or undesired.

Unit: ohms (omega)

34
Q

Ohms Law

Provide the empirical relationship and application limitations.

A

V (italics) = i(italics) • R

Linear relationship does not apply over large ranges of voltage or current

35
Q

Symbol for resistance

A

—^__^——/\____/\—

The spiky squiggle.

36
Q

Conductance is the inverse of resistance.

true or false?

A

TRUE

37
Q

Formula for conductance

A

G = 1/R

38
Q

Max power dissipation

list formulas

A

P = VI = I^2R = V^2/R

39
Q

Short circuit

A

Circuit element with resistance approaches 0

40
Q

Open circuit

A

Circuit element whose resistance approaches infinity

41
Q

Series resistors

A

Two or more circuit elements are said to be in series if the same current flows through each element

42
Q

Polarized Capacitators

A

Capacitors whose anode is made of a particular metal on which an insulating oxide layer forms by anodization, acting as the dielectric of the electrolytic capacitor.

Electronics (3 decks)

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