Chapter 1& 2 Flashcards
monosaccharides
energy for cells
Glucose (corn syrup) fructose (fruits) galactose (milk)
Disaccharides
energy aids , calcium and phosphorus sucrose (table sugar) lactose (milk sugar ) maltose (malt sugar )
polysaccharides
energy storage (starches) digestive aid (fiber)
starches (grains , legumes , root, vegetables) fiber (whole grains fruits , vegetable )
What are the functions and characteristics of fiber
proper bowel elimination , stimulates peristalsis to ease elimination , lower cholesterol lessen cancers
What are complete and incomplete proteins give an example off each .
complete-animal sources and soy
incomplete -plants and limits protein synthesis
What are complete and incomplete proteins give an example off each .
complete-animal sources and soy
incomplete -plants and limits protein synthesis
Saturated fats are ___ at room temperature found primarily in ____ sources
solid , animal
This triglyceride is from plant sources and help reproduce health risks
unsaturated
Monounsaturated fatty acids are
olives , canola oil ,avocado ,peanuts , and other nutsn
Polyunsaturated includes
corn , wheat grain , soybeans , sunflower , fish
essential fatty acids
broken down fats supplied by diets omega - 3 omega- (strongest ) 6 supports blood clotting and blood pressure inflammatory and metabolic response
vitamin C (ascorbic acid)
-tissue building iron absorption
-citrus fruits , juices , vegetables
-scurvy bleeding gums , decreased from absorption
Thiamin (B,)
-Muscle energy, energy
metabolism,
- Meats, grains, lequmes
-Beriberi, headache,
weight loss, fatigue
Niacin (B.)
Metabolism of fat, glucose
and alcohol; synthesis or
fatty acids, cholesterol,
and steroid hormones
-Liver, nuts, lequmes
-CiS indings, dementia
Pyridoxine (B6)
Cellular function, heme and
neurotransmitter synthesis,
-Meats, grains, and legumes
-Macrocytic anemia, CNS
disturbances, poor growth
Cobalamin (B12)
-Folate activation, red blood cell maturation
-Meats, clams, oysters,
eqqs, dairy products
-Pernicious anemia, Gl findings,
poor muscle coordination
paresthesia of the hands and feet
Vitamin D
-fish, fortified , dairy products , egg yolks , sunlight
- maintain blood calcium and phosphorus in bone development
- deficiency low blood calcium , fragile bones , rickets , osteomalacia
Vitamin E
protects vitamin A
- fish oils , vegetable oil , grains , nuts , dark veg
-enema ,edema snd skin lesions in infants
Vitamin K
-essential for prothrombin synthesis , aids in bone metabolism
- green veg
increases bleeding time
The minimum daily amount of water
1500ml
The water intake is __ for women and __ for men
2.7 and 3.7
Inadequate nutrition signs and symptoms
-dry brittle hair or skin.
-enlarged spleen or liver
-lack of fat or muscle wasting
- poor wound healing
-irregular cardiovascular measurements
A healthy weight range is 18.5-24.9 and a _______ is less than 18.5 overweight would be determined as 25-29.9 then ___ is greater than or equal to 30
underweight ;obesity
Prevention of digestion of fats
orlistat
Stimulates serotonin receptors in the hypothalamus in brain to curb appetite
Loraserin
Increase in vitamin D and calcium , engaging in exercise and avoiding alcohol can prevent
osteoporosis
You should consume ____ of salt
2300
Eating at-least __ ounces of seafood is beneficial
12
My plate grains
females 9-13 5 oz 14-50 6oz
males 9-13 3 oz 14-18 4oz
my plate veggies
female 9-13 2 cup 14-50 2.5 cups
male 14-50 3 cups
my plate proteins
female 19-30 5.5 oz
male 14-30 6.5 oz.
For people who have a LDL the American heart Association recommends
increasing monounsaturated fats and soluble fiber
To prevent cancer you should
- well balanced diet using my plate
-increase high fiber plant based foods
-limit sodium
-avoid alcohol
-exercise
-limit saturated and trans fat
preparations of food
roasts and steak -145
chicken -165
groundbeef -160
product with egg -160
salmonella
undercooked or raw meat ,poultry , eggs, fruit,dairy products
-s/s cramping, diarrhea ,nausea , vomiting
e coli
undercooked or raw ground beef
listeria
soft cheese raw milk products undercooked poultry , causes problems on new borns pregnant clients
Noravirus
viral infection from consuming contaminated fruits and veg , oyster salad made bye someone infected
Tyramine is similar to
norepinephrine
