Chapter 1 & 2

Question 1

What are computer programs (or software)

Answer 1

Computer programs or software are

instructions to the computer

Written using computer languages.

Question 2

What are the three types of programming languages

Answer 2

1. Machine language (lowest level)
2. Assembly language
3. High level language

Question 3

What is a program written in a high level source code called

Answer 3

Source program or Source code

Question 4

Because computers cannot understand a source program, a source program must be translated into machine code for execution.

What programming tool can you use for the translation?

Answer 4

An interpreter or a compiler

Question 5

An _____ reads one statement from the source code, translates it to the machine code or virtual machine code, and then executes it right away, as shown in the following figure.

Note that a statement from the source code may be translated into several machine instructions.

Answer 5

Interpreter (Interpreting Source Code)

Question 6

A _____ translates the entire source code into a machine-code file, and the machine-code file is then executed, as shown in the following figure.

Answer 6

Compiler (compiling source file)

Question 7

Why choose Java

Answer 7

• Very useful for deploying internet applications (for servers, desktop, computers, small handheld devices.)

Question 8

You can port a source program to any machine with appropriate compilers. The source program must be recompiled, however, because the object program can only run on a specific machine. Java was designed to run object programs on any platform.

With Java, you write the program once, and compile the source program into a special type of object code, known as _____. The _____ can then run on any computer with a Java Virtual Machine which is software that interprets Java _____.

Answer 8

bytecode

Question 9

Describe the 7 anatomy figures that make up a Java Program

Answer 9

1. Class name
2. Main method
3. Statements
4. Statement terminator
5. Reserved words
6. Comments
7. Blocks

Question 10

What is a class name

Answer 10

A class is something that every Java program needs to run within

Every Java program must contain at least 1

Class names must begin with an uppercase letter

Question 11

What is the Main Method

Answer 11

• The main method is described in
  public static void main(String[] args) {
  }
• In order to run a class, the class must contain a method named main.
• The program is executed from the main method.

Question 12

Statement

Answer 12

A statement represents an action or a sequence of actions.

The statement System.out.println(“Welcome to Java!”) is “Welcome to Java!“.

Question 13

Statement Terminator

Answer 13

Semicolon ;

(Every statement must end with this)

Question 14

Keywords

Answer 14

Keywords are words that have a specific meaning to the compiler and cannot be used for other purposes in the program.

For example, when the compiler sees the word class, it understands that the word after class is the name for the class.

Question 15

Blocks

Answer 15

A pair of braces in a program forms a block that groups components of a program.

“class block, method block”

Question 16

{ }

Answer 16

• Opening and closing braces
• Denotes a block to enclose statements

Question 17

( )

Answer 17

• Opening and closing parentheses
• used with methods

Question 18

[ ]

Answer 18

• Opening and closing brackets
• Denotes an array

Question 19

/ /

Answer 19

• Double slashes
• Precedes a comment line

Question 20

” “

Answer 20

• Opening and closing quotation marks
• Marks the end of a statement

Question 21

The four aspects to proper programming and documentation style

Answer 21

1. Appropriate comments
2. Naming conventions
3. Proper Indentation and Spacing Lines
4. Block styles

Question 22

To make appropriate comments, a summary at the beginning of the program must be included, explaining the following:

Answer 22

• what the program does
• the programs key features
• the programs supporting data structures
• any unique techniques it uses
• also include your name,
• class section
• instructor
• date
• a brief description at the beginning of the program

Question 23

Naming conventions (classes)

Answer 23

• choose meaningful and descriptive names
• capitalize the first letter in each word and do this instead of creating spaces between words

Question 24

Indentation and Spacing

Answer 24

Indentation: two spaces

Spacing: use blank line to separate segments of the code

Question 25

Block styles

Answer 25

Use end of line style for braces

Question 26

Types of programming errors:

Answer 26

Syntax errors: detected by the complier

Runtime errors: causes the program to short

Logic errors: produces incorrect result