Chapter 1 & 2

Question 1

a regional specialty involving medicine and surgery of the head and neck

Answer 1

otolaryngology-head and neck surgery

Question 2

subspecialties include: otology, neurotology, rhinology, allergy, laryngology, bronchoesophagology, head and neck surgery and facial plastic and reconstructive surgery

Answer 2

um yep just read those just incase

Question 3

consists of the auricle and external auditory canal

Answer 3

external ear

Question 4

composed of skin and elastic cartilage, attached to the bed by the external auditory canal and several small muscles innervated by the facial nerve

Answer 4

auricle

Question 5

cartilaginous in the lateral third and bony in the inner two-thirds

Answer 5

external auditory canal

Question 6

-
-

Answer 6

hair follicles
sebaceous glands
cerumen glands

Question 7

provide potential pathways for the spread of tumor and infection from the canal into the parotid gland, small dehiscences in the anterior portion

Answer 7

Fissures of Santorini

Question 8

the auricle and external auditory canal receive their arterial supply from __ and __

Answer 8

superficial temporal artery and posterior auricular branches of the external carotid artery

Question 9

an air-containing space with bony walls except for the tympanic membrane laterally

Answer 9

middle ear

Question 10

largest of the mastoid air cells

Answer 10

mastoid antrum

Question 11

name the bones (ossicles) that conduct sound from the tympanic membrane to the oval window, which is located in a niche just posterior and superior to the promontory

Answer 11

malleus
incus
stapes

Question 12

what is located within its own niche just inferior and anterior to the oval window

Answer 12

round window

Question 13

which one of the ossicles is the largest?

Answer 13

malleus

Question 14

which ossicles connects the tympanic membrane and the incus? its handle is embedded in the upper half of the tympanic membrane, and its head, slung from the roof of the middle ear and articulates with the body of the incus

Answer 14

malleus

Question 15

the long process of the incus articulates with ___

Answer 15

head of the staples

Question 16

the staples foot fits snugly in the __

Answer 16

oval window

Question 17

a three layered structure composed of an external squamous epithelium, a middle fibrous layer and an inner mucosal layer

Answer 17

tympanic membrane

Question 18

it has a conical configuration and is surrounded by a fibrous annulus - except in the flaccid superior area - that rests in a bony sulcus

Answer 18

tympanic membrane

Question 19

the blood supply of the middle ear and mastoid is from __

Answer 19

branches of the internal maxillary artery

Question 20

the nerve supply is through the tympanic plexis on the promontory, which contains branches of cranial nerves __

Answer 20

5, 7, 9, and 10

Question 21

connects the middle ear space with the nasopharynx

Answer 21

eustachian tube

Question 22

2/3s are cartilaginous and 1/3s is bony nearest the middle ear, it is lined with respiratory epithelium

Answer 22

eustachian tube

Question 23

function of ___ is to provide air passage from nasopharynx to middle ear to equalize pressure on both sides of the tympanic membrane

Answer 23

eustachian tube

Question 24

tensor veli palantini muscle is innervated by ___ (CN)

Answer 24

CN 5

Question 25

dysfunction of __ may result in negative pressure and accumulation of serous fluid in the middle ear space

Answer 25

eustachian tube

Question 26

composed of the end organs of hearing (cochlea) and equilibrium (labyrinth)

Answer 26

inner ear

Question 27

what are the cochlea and labyrinth contained in ___ within the temporal bone

Answer 27

otic capsule

Question 28

the snail shaped cochlea makes ____ turns

Answer 28

two and one half

Question 29

the __ is comprised of the vestibule, 3 semicircular canals and the vestibular aqueduct

Answer 29

bony labyrinth

Question 30

resembles intracellular fluid in its electrolyte composition, is contained within a continuous closed system within the cochlea and membraneous labyrinth

Answer 30

endolymph

Question 31

resembles extracellular fluid and CSF in its electrolyte composition, surrounds the endolymph containing membranes and does not communicate with the endolymph except under pathologic conditions

Answer 31

perilymph

Question 32

which part of the membraneous cochlea that associated with oval window

Answer 32

scala vestibuli

Question 33

which part of the membraneous cochlea that is associated with the round window

Answer 33

scala tympani

Question 34

contains endolymph and is bordered by the basilar membrane on which lies the delicate organ of hearing and the thin reissner’s membrane

Answer 34

cochlear duct

Question 35

thousands of ___ that project from the neuroepithelium, responsible for converting mechanical force into an electrochemical impulse interpreted as sound

Answer 35

hair cells

Question 36

__ are spatially organized along the basilar membrane in a specific frequency-responsive distribution

Answer 36

hair cells