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Political Science > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

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0
Q

Approaches to conflict resolution

A

Politics without repression, politics of reconciliation.

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1
Q

Politics

A

Authoritative allocations, resolution of conflicts, gathering support for collective projects.

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2
Q

Power

A

The ability to induce others to do what one wants.

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3
Q

Forms of political power

A

Influence, coercion, authority

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4
Q

Influence

A

Power of persuasion

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5
Q

Coercion

A

Ability to force people to do things through fear.

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6
Q

Authority

A

The right to exercise power through public respect.

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7
Q

Legitimacy

A

How people respond to the command of their leaders.

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8
Q

Authority of coercion

A

Power without legitimacy

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9
Q

Types of public authority

A

Traditional, rational-legal, charismatic.

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10
Q

Traditional Authority

A

Authority based on inherited position or custom

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11
Q

Rational legal authority

A

Power originates in law and rests with legally created offices, not with any individuals.

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12
Q

Political modernization

A

The transition for on traditional to rational legal authority

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13
Q

Charismatic authority

A

Authority based on personal qualities

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14
Q

When do charismatic leaders occur?

A

In times of social crisis, and political modernization. This is a one generation phenomenon

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15
Q

Sovereignty

A

Highest authority of the state

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16
Q

Ideas of sovereignty

A

Personal, parliamentary, and popular

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17
Q

Personal sovereignty

A

Sovereignty of an absolute monarch

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18
Q

Parliamentary sovereignty

A

Absurd power to parliament and not a monarch

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19
Q

Popular sovereignty

A

Supreme authority resides in the people themselves and not parliament delegates. Only possible through direct democracy.

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20
Q

Domestic sovereignty

A

Power to make laws, to enforce laws, and to control all the administrative functions of government.

21
Q

International sovereignty

A

Right to deal with other sovereign governments as equals. Right to domestic sovereignty without intervention.

22
Q

Criteria for a state

A

Population, territory, sovereignty

23
Q

Functions of the state

A

Maintain social order, prevent internal conflicts. Defended against internal threats, provision of public goods.

24
Q

Public goods

A

Goods that are not divisible among individual consumers. Therefor not provided through user pay systems

25
Q

Nation

A

A psycho-political entity.

26
Q

Factors to the development of national identity

A 
Ethnic and racial identity
History
Geography
Language and culture
Religion
Common interests
Government
27
Q

Highest level of group identity

A

Nation

28
Q

Ethnic identity

A

Feeling of common identity based on common ethnic background

29
Q

Nation State

A

Exists when the physical boundary of the sovereign authority coincides with the psychological boundary of the national identity.

30
Q

Citizen

A

Formal member of the state as a political community, have special rights.

31
Q

Types of government

A 
Monarchy
Tyranny
Aristocracy
Polity
Oligarchy
Democracy (mob rule)
32
Q

Modern typologies

A

Democracy and Autocracy
Parliamentary and presidential systems
Federal and unitary systems
Monarchy and republic

33
Q

Types of democracy

A 
Direct and representative democracy
Liberal
Social 
Plebiscitary
Deliberative democracy
34
Q

Representative democracy

A

Decision made by a small group of elected politicians

35
Q

Advantages of representative democracy

A

Decision making process easier,
Contributes to consensus building
Elections keep politicians in check

36
Q

Criticism of rep democracy

A

Elitist culture

Politicians can pursue self interest over public interest

37
Q

Plebiscitary democracy

A

The use of referendums, initiatives, and recall procedures to remove elitist culture.

38
Q

Deliberative democracy

A

Governing decision are made based on discussions by citizens

39
Q

Liberal democracy

A

Power of government is limited by law and constitutions, regular elections that are fair. Rights of people to freely engage in political activity are well established.

40
Q

Criticism of direct democracy

A

Populist and majoritarian in nature
Highly divisive
Too costly

41
Q

Ideas of representation

A

Trusteeship
Delegate
Party member
Microcism

42
Q

Trustee

A

Representative rely on their own judgement to decide what is good for their constituents, may act contrary to what constituents want.

43
Q

Delegate

A

Representative Subordinate own views for their constituents and act as instructed by constituents , even when contrary to their own judgements

44
Q

The party member

A

Representatives act as loyal members of their party and follow the instructions of party leadership

45
Q

Microcosm

A

The institutions of representative should be a miniature version of the society it represents. Representation of all social groups.

46
Q

Difference between social and liberal democracy

A

Liberal: individual freedom, civil and political rights

Socialist values: economic equality and social justice, economic and social rights.

47
Q

Criteria for good government

A 
Transparency 
Accountability 
Responsiveness
Participation
Efficiency and effectiveness 
Achieve important goals
48
Q

Formal institutionalism

A

Old approach that emphasizes the analysis of the formal institutions of the state.

49
Q

Public policy analysis

A

How public policy are formulated

A dynamic approach

50
Q

Pluralism

A

A society centred approach

Social and political pluralism

51
Q

Nation building

A

Process of developing a common feeling of national identity

Political Science (2 decks)

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