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AP Gov't > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

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0
Q

A group of people united by bonds of race, language, custom, tradition, and sometimes religion.

A

Nation

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1
Q

A political community that occupies a definite territory and has an organized government with the power to make and enforce laws without approval from any higher authority.

A

State (country)

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2
Q

Refers to a country in which the territory of both the nation and the state coincide.

A

Nation-state

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3
Q

Four features of state:

A

Population, territory, sovereignty, and government.

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4
Q

Top three populated countries:

A

China, India, U.S.

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5
Q

An agreement about basic beliefs.

A

Consensus

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6
Q

The state has supreme and absolute authority within its territorial boundaries.

A

Sovereignty

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7
Q

The institution through which the state maintains social order, provides public services, and enforces decisions binding on the people in the state.

A

Government

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8
Q

Top five states with the most territory:

A

Russia, Canada, China, U.S.A., Brazil

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9
Q

Four theories of how a state originated:

A

Evolutionary, force, divine right, and Social Contract

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10
Q

Four purposes of government:

A

–Maintain social order
–Provide public services
–Provide national security
–Provide economic system

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11
Q

Two gov’t systems:

A

Unitary system, federal system

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12
Q

Gov’t gives all key powers to the national or central gov’t.

A

Unitary system

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13
Q

Gov’t divides the powers between the national and state gov’t.

A

Federal system

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14
Q

A loose union of independent states.q

A

Confederacy

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15
Q

A plan that provides the rules for gov’t.

A

Constitution

16
Q

The constitution has authority to place limits on the powers of those who govern.

A

Constitutional gov’t

17
Q

A statement that sets forth the goals and purposes to be served by the gov’t.

A

Preamble

18
Q

Involves the interpretation and application of the constitution.

A

Constitutional law

19
Q

The efforts to control or influence the conduct and policies of gov’t.

A

Politics

20
Q

Generally have large industries and advanced technologies that provide a more comfortable way of life.

A

Industrialized nation

21
Q

A nation only beginning to develop industrially.

A

Developing nations

22
Q

Three types of non-state groups:

A

Political movements (Al Queda, Taliban), multinational corporations ( Walmart, Starbucks), international organizations (Red Cross)

23
Q

Interdependence of citizens and states across the world.

A

Globalization EX: EU—European Union (28 European countries); relations with U.S. (trade, surveillance)

37
Q

Three major parts of gov’t:

A

Autocracy, oligarchy, monarchy

38
Q

Rule by one person.

A

Autocracy

39
Q

Rule by a few.

A

Oligarchy

40
Q

Rule by the many/people.

A

Democracy

41
Q

Two types of monarchy:

A

Absolute monarch (unlimited power, constitutional monarch (power is shared with legislative body)

43
Q

Two types of democracy:

A

Direct democracy, representative democracy

44
Q

A gov’t in which voters hold sovereign power, but are limited by the laws made by elected officials.

A

Republic

45
Q

Four characteristics of democracy:

A

Individual liberty, Majority Rule with Majority Rights, free elections, competing political parties

46
Q

A group of individuals with broad common interests who organize to nominate candidates for office, with elections, conduct government, and determine public policy.

A

Political party

47
Q

Two main political parties in the U.S.:

A

Republicans, democrats

48
Q

Five factors that help democracy succeed:

A

Citizen participation, good economy, education systems, strong civil society, social consensus

49
Q

Network of voluntary associates that work independently of gov’t.

A

Strong civil society

50
Q

An economic system based on private ownership of the means of production and on individual economic freedom.

A

Free enterprise

51
Q

Two forms of autocracy:

A

Totalitarian dictatorship (ideas of a single leader are glorified—North Korea), monarchy (King, queen, emperor has control of the gov’t—U.K.)

AP Gov't (12 decks)

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