Chapter 1 Flashcards
Define a Byte
A byte has 8 bits
Define a Bit
The smallest amount in binary. Either 1 or 0
Define a Nibble
4-bits
What are the numbers in a Binary Chart?
128, 64, 32, 16, 8, 4, 2, 1
What is the base of Hexidecimal
16 Example: 16^2, 16^1, 16^0
What is the base of the Octal System
8 Example: 8^2, 8^1, 8^0
What are the values and associated characters of Base64?
0-63; A-Z; a-z; 0-9; + / (A is 0, / is 63)
What are the decimal and HEX values in the Hexadecimal System?
Decimal: 0 through 15 Hex: 0 through F
Instead of memorizing the binary value of Hex values in the Hexidecimal system, what other method can be used to find the binary values?
There are 15 Hex values. 0-9, followed by A-F
Binary can be found using the binary chart starting from 8. Table: 8, 4, 2, 1
Example: D = 13 = 1101 because 8+4+0+1=13
What are the four types of memory?
Main, Internal, Secondary, and Tertiary
What types of memory make up the first three layers of the Memory Hierarchy Model?
Internal and Main
What are examples of Internal Memory?
Processor Register and Processor Cache
What does the Processor Register Do?
Registers provide the fastest access to memory by the CPU. This is almost instant and can happen in a single cycle of the CPU.
What does Cache Memory Do?
Is semiconductor-based memory that holds the most often-used parts of a program or instruction set for the CPU. It is the go between for the CPU and main memory.
What is Main Memory?
Primary data storage location for data in use. Includes both RAM and ROM. RAM is volatile, while ROM is non-volatile.
What is Secondary Memory?
Makes up the fourth and fifth layers of the Memory Hierarchy Model. Secondary memory data is not lost due to power outage. Examples include HDD, SDD, CD-ROM
What is Tertiary Memory?
Sixth and last level of the Memory Hierarchy Model. Is mass storage of backup drives and backup tapes.
