chapter 1 Flashcards
What characteristics differentiate individuals?
Characteristics such as gender, height, skin color, nationality, ancestry, and eye color
What is the definition of race?
Socially constructed distinctions based on physical or genetic traits (e.g., skin color, hair type)
What is the definition of ethnicity?
Cultural characteristics shared by a social group (e.g., customs, language, beliefs)
How do individual characteristics influence identity?
Reshaped by experiences and social contexts; influences how people perceive themselves and others
What are social markers of difference?
Socially constructed markers that impact how individuals perceive each other and form social groups
How do personal actions relate to race and ethnicity?
Shaped by socially constructed understandings, reinforcing or challenging identities
What role does participation in sports play in identity?
Influences racial and ethnic identities, such as South Asian youth in culturally-rooted activities
What are examples of ethnicity in Canadian society?
- Customs
- Language
- Beliefs
- History
What is race logic?
Presumes a connection between physical traits and attributes like intelligence and skills
What are the critiques of race logic?
Ignores cultural and structural explanations; perpetuates stereotypes and limits opportunities
What are the historical challenges faced by Indigenous peoples in sport?
- Colonial policies
- Impact of residential schools
- Assimilation efforts through Euro-Canadian sports
What is the significance of the 1988 Canadian Multiculturalism Act?
Ensures cultural diversity and recognizes the rights of Indigenous peoples and new immigrants
What are some challenges faced by Indigenous peoples in sports?
Ongoing struggles for self-determination and human rights; systemic discrimination
What is the impact of race logic on youth sports participation?
Shapes perceptions of which sports youth should participate in, limiting opportunities
What does Marginality Theory explain?
Differences in sports participation due to economic barriers
What does Critical Race Theory focus on?
Examines race and racism in sport, focusing on systemic discrimination
What are the benefits of community-based sports programs?
- Supports diverse participation
- Provides affordable access
- Maintains cultural practices
What strategies can sports organizations implement for inclusivity?
Education and training, inclusive policies, community engagement
What are barriers to diversity in sport?
- Economic barriers
- Social and cultural barriers
- Structural barriers
What role does media play in shaping perceptions of race in sport?
Influences public perceptions, often leading to underrepresentation and stereotypes
What is the primary distinction between race and ethnicity?
Race involves physical or genetic traits, while ethnicity includes shared cultural characteristics
What are the dangers of relying on race logic in explaining athletic performance?
Reinforces stereotypes and overshadows athletes’ dedication
What is a key element that makes community-based sports programs effective?
They ensure affordable, culturally relevant, and inclusive access to sports
What was the impact of the Rooney Rule in the NFL?
Increased diversity in coaching positions but criticized as superficial
What is the significance of the 1976 Montreal Olympics for Francophones?
Marked a turning point in representation in elite sports
What are the harmful effects of using Indigenous mascots in sports?
Negative impact on Indigenous identity and self-esteem; reinforces discriminatory attitudes
What strategies can be implemented to address systemic racism in Canadian sports?
Education, representation, and accountability
