Chapter 1

Question 1

What did Sir Frederick Barlett help create?

Answer 1

Cog psych

Question 2

The computational model is based on what assumption?

Answer 2

The essence of thinking can be captured by describing what the brain does as manipulating symbols.

Question 3

What two properties of memory stores play major roles in our explanation of judgment and desicion making?

Answer 3

1. The limited capacity of WM will be used to explain departures from rational decision making.
2. We will often refer to the many facts and procedures that have been learned and stored in LTM.

Question 4

In the 1950s, what two traditions dominated psychology?

Answer 4

Psychoanalytic theory and behaviorism.

Question 5

What made people skeptical of psychoanalytic theory?

Answer 5

Its failure to explain Nazism.

Question 6

How experiment is Stanley Milgram famous for?

Answer 6

The shock experiment.

Question 7

According to behaviorists, what determines whether a behavior will become habitual?

Answer 7

The reinforcing properties of rewards and punishments.

Question 8

Why have they thrown out behaviorism?

Answer 8

It can’t explain speech, intellectual achievements like chess playing, or gambling decisions.

Question 9

What three decision-making procedures are not rational?

Answer 9

1. Habit
2. Conformity
3. Choosing on the basis of (your interpretation of) religious principles or cultural mandates.

Question 10

Who made EUT?

Answer 10

Von Neumann and Morgenstern.