Chapter 1

Question 1

Statistics

Answer 1

Branch of mathematics that focuses on the organization, analysis, and interpretation of a group of numbers.

Question 2

Descriptive Statistics

Answer 2

Procedures for summarizing a group of scores or other wise making them more understandable.

Question 3

Inferential Statistics

Answer 3

Procedures for drawing conclusions based on the scores collected in a research study but going beyond them

Question 4

Variable

Answer 4

Characteristic that can have different values.

Question 5

Values

Answer 5

Possible number or category that a score can have.

Question 6

Score

Answer 6

Particular person’s value on a variable.

Question 7

Numeric Variable

Answer 7

Variable whose values are numbers (as opposed to a nominal variable) - also called quanitative variable.

Question 8

Equal-internal variable

Answer 8

Variable in which the numbers stand for approximately equal amounts of what is being measured.

Question 9

Ratio scale

Answer 9

An equal-interval variable is measured on a ratio scale if it has an absolute zero point, meaning that the value of zero on the variable indicates a complete absence of the variable.

Question 10

Rank-order variable

Answer 10

Numeric variable in which the values are ranks, such as class standing or place finished in a race. (ordinal variable)

Question 11

Nominal variable

Answer 11

Variable with values that are categories (that is, they are names rather than numbers) - also categorical variable.

Question 12

Levels of measurement

Answer 12

Types of underlying numerical information provided by a measure, such as equal-interval, rank-order, and nominal (categorical).

Question 13

Discrete variable

Answer 13

Variable that has specific values and that cannot have values between these specific values.

Question 14

Continuous variable

Answer 14

Variable for which, in theory, there are an infinte number of values between any two values.

Question 15

Frequency Table

Answer 15

Ordered listing of number of individuals having each of the different values for a paticular variable.

Question 16

Interval

Answer 16

Ranges of values in a grouped frequency table that are grouped together (For example: If the intervals might be from 10 to 19)

Question 17

Grouped Frequency Table

Answer 17

frequency table in which the number of individual (frequency) is given for each interval of values.

Question 18

Histogram

Answer 18

Barlike graph of a frequency distribution in which the values are plotted along the horizontal axis and the height of each bar is the frequency of that value; the bars are usually placed next to each other without spaces, giving the appearance of a city skyline.

Question 19

Frequency distribution

Answer 19

Pattern of frequencies over the various values; what a frequency table, histogram, or frequency polygon describes.

Question 20

Unimodal distribution

Answer 20

frequency distribution with one value clearly having a larger frequency than any other.