Chapter 1 Flashcards
What stands out to researchers of youth crime politics?
The extensive media coverage given to youth crime.
What does YOA stands for?
Young Offenders Act
What replaced the YOA in 2003?
The Youth Criminal Justice Act (YCJA)
Which Political Party in 2011 had the most policy in terms of Youth Crime?
The Conservative Party
Youth advocate:
focus is o the problems faced by young people (also called the “Child Welfare” approach).
Law-and-order group:
focus is on how youth criminals are portrayed as an “enemy” of society (also called the “get-tough” approach).
A key assumption behind many public views on youth crime, especially from the law-and-order perspective is…?
That today’s youth are worst than those of previous generations (Which is not true).
1857 Act for Establishing Prisons for Young Offenders: creation of separate youth institutions (2)
- Penetanguishene
- Île aux Noix
What happened after the Confederation in 1867?
The proportion of youth in jails declined somewhat, especially that of girls and young women.
Houston (1982) cautions that fluctuations in youth incarceration reflects…?
Changes in governmental and judicial attitudes, not shifts in criminal behaviour.
Definition of Lacerny?
Larceny is a crime involving the unlawful taking or theft of the personal property of another person or business.
The decline in youth incarceration could also be attributed to:
- evolving attitudes towards young offenders.
- the establishment of separate institutions for children.
- the influence of these institutions on court decisions.
The Brown Commission(1848-1849)
Suggested a separate justice system for juveniles, leading to juvenile institutions and reforms for a distinct youth legal framework.
Delinquency laws applied to children aged:
7 to 14
In the 19th century, what laws did the gov. introduced to discourage immoral behaviours? (6)
- prohibiting public drinking
- banning child labor in factories
- launching campaigns against alcohol and tobacco use
- mandatory school attendance
- promoting vaccinations, and
- advancing child welfare programs.
Who were the Victorian Child Savers?
The Victorian child savers were a group of people who worked to improve the lives of children in the late 1800s.
The Victorian Child Savers focused on:
- the welfare of children and families;
- addressing issues like neglect, dependency, and delinquency, rather than solely focusing on crime;
- the goal was to save children from crime;
- Victorian reformers saw little distinction btw a neglected child and a delinquent– both were viewed as either a potential or actual criminal.
Youth Crime in Canada:
Has remained largely consistent. While official crime rates have risen, most youth crime in Canada still involves minor property offences, with violent crimes being less common.
Young males have consistently accounted for the majority of youth crime.
