Chapter 1 Flashcards
Memorization -Structure determines function -Levels of Organization -Classification of Living Things -3 Domains of Life -Evolution (Charles Darwin)
What does the principle ‘structure determines function’ mean in biology?
It means that the shape and arrangement of biological structures are directly related to their specific functions.
What are the levels of biological organization smallest to largest?
Atom, Molecule, Macromolecule, Cell, Tissue, Organ
True or False: Atoms are the simplest level of biological organization.
True
Fill in the blank: The ______ is the basic unit of life.
cell
What is a tissue?
A group of similar cells that work together to perform a specific function.
Multiple Choice: Which level of organization comes after tissues?
Organs
What is an organ system?
A group of organs that work together to perform complex functions.
True or False: The function of an organ is unrelated to its structure.
False
What is the largest level of biological organization?
Biosphere
Fill in the blank: A group of organisms of the same species living in a specific area is called a ______.
population
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is an example of a tissue?
Muscle tissue
What role do organelles play in cells?
Organelles perform specific functions necessary for the cell’s survival and operation.
True or False: The structure of DNA is crucial for its function in heredity.
True
What is the relationship between structure and function in enzymes?
The specific shape of an enzyme allows it to bind to substrates and catalyze chemical reactions.
Fill in the blank: The ______ level of organization includes all living things and their interactions with the environment.
ecosystem
Multiple Choice: Which level of biological organization directly includes populations?
Community
What is the function of the cell membrane?
To regulate what enters and exits the cell, maintaining homeostasis.
True or False: All cells have the same structure and function.
False
What defines a multicellular organism?
An organism composed of multiple cells that are specialized for different functions.
Fill in the blank: The ______ level of organization includes different species interacting in a common environment.
community
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of life?
Inability to evolve
How do the structures of red blood cells relate to their function?
Their biconcave shape increases surface area for oxygen transport.
True or False: Cells are the only level of biological organization that can carry out all life processes.
True
What is the primary function of connective tissue?
To support, bind together, and protect tissues and organs.
Fill in the blank: The ______ level of biological organization includes both biotic and abiotic components.
ecosystem
Multiple Choice: Which of the following is an example of a population?
A group of deer in a forest.
Dumb Kids Play Chess On Freeway Get Smashed
Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Chordata, Order, Family, Genus, Species
Define Science
The observation, identification, experimental investigation, and theoretical explanation of natural phenomena
Define Discovery Based Science
The process of collecting and analyzing data w/o a preconceived hypothesis
When scientific names are written, both genus and species should be ….. and the first letter of the genus name should be …..
Italicized; uppercase
Define Taxonomy
grouping of species based on common ancestry
3 Domains Of Life
-Bacteria (prokaryotic)
-Archea (prokaryotic)
-Eukarya (eukaryotic)
Artificial Selection
A human driven form of selection
Evolutionary Change occurs by 2 mechanisms:
Vertical descent w/mutation and horizontal gene transfer
Vertical descent w/ mutation
transfer of genetic information from parents to offspring
Horizontal gene transfer
The distinct process of exchanging genetic information that can occur between different species
Define Evolution
Changing genetic composition of population over time
Define Diversity
Different forms of unicellular and multicellular life
Define Unity
Common characteristics displayed by all forms of life
What are the 4 main characteristics of living things:
-The ability to interact w/ environment
-Genetic material composed of DNA
-The ability to respond to a stimulus
-The ability to maintain homeostasis
Biology is…
The study of life
