Chapter 1 Flashcards
What is an element?
Elements are pure substances made of only one kind of atom. They are the basic building blocks of matter and cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means.
What is an atom?
An atom is the smallest unit of an element that still keeps the element’s properties and chemical behavior.
What elements are diatomic?
Hydrogen (H2)
Nitrogen (N2)
Oxygen (O2)
Fluorine (F2)
Chlorine (Cl2)
Bromine (Br2)
Iodine (I2)
What are diatomic elements?
Diatomic elements is a molecule that has two identical atoms of the same element. Can be broken down to form other compounds
What is a compound?
A compound is a substance made of two or more elements chemically combined. Compounds can be broken down into simpler substances through chemical reactions.
What is a molecule?
Molecules are the smallest unit of a
substance formed by two or
more atoms.
Molecular compounds are held together by?
Covalent bonds
Ionic compounds are held together by?
Attractive forces
Positive Ion
Cation
Negative Ion
Anion
Atomic mass - Atomic Number (a-z)
Neutrons
Atomic number - charge (z-charge)
Electrons
Metals are
shiny, malleable, good
conductors of heat and
electricity
Non-metals are
dull, poor conductors of heat
and electricity
Metalloids
Conduct heat and electricity
moderately well and
have properties from
both metals and non-
metals
Ionic bonding results from
metallic and nonmetallic atoms
Cations are generally made from
metals but there are exceptions
Metallic cations: Na+ K+ Ca2+ Mg2+ Al3+
Nonmetallic cations: NH4+ H3O+
Anions are made from
nonmetals and can often be polyatomic
Cl- O2- NO3- H2PO4-
