Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is an element?

A

Elements are pure substances made of only one kind of atom. They are the basic building blocks of matter and cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means.

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2
Q

What is an atom?

A

An atom is the smallest unit of an element that still keeps the element’s properties and chemical behavior.

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3
Q

What elements are diatomic?

A

Hydrogen (H2)
Nitrogen (N2)
Oxygen (O2)
Fluorine (F2)
Chlorine (Cl2)
Bromine (Br2)
Iodine (I2)

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4
Q

What are diatomic elements?

A

Diatomic elements is a molecule that has two identical atoms of the same element. Can be broken down to form other compounds

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5
Q

What is a compound?

A

A compound is a substance made of two or more elements chemically combined. Compounds can be broken down into simpler substances through chemical reactions.

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6
Q

What is a molecule?

A

Molecules are the smallest unit of a
substance formed by two or
more atoms.

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7
Q

Molecular compounds are held together by?

A

Covalent bonds

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8
Q

Ionic compounds are held together by?

A

Attractive forces

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9
Q

Positive Ion

A

Cation

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10
Q

Negative Ion

A

Anion

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11
Q

Atomic mass - Atomic Number (a-z)

A

Neutrons

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12
Q

Atomic number - charge (z-charge)

A

Electrons

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13
Q

Metals are

A

shiny, malleable, good
conductors of heat and
electricity

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14
Q

Non-metals are

A

dull, poor conductors of heat
and electricity

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15
Q

Metalloids

A

Conduct heat and electricity
moderately well and
have properties from
both metals and non-
metals

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16
Q

Ionic bonding results from

A

metallic and nonmetallic atoms

17
Q

Cations are generally made from

A

metals but there are exceptions
Metallic cations: Na+ K+ Ca2+ Mg2+ Al3+
Nonmetallic cations: NH4+ H3O+

18
Q

Anions are made from

A

nonmetals and can often be polyatomic
Cl- O2- NO3- H2PO4-