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Low Pressure Boiler Study Guide > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is a boiler?

A

A closed metal container (Pressure Vessel) in which water is heated to produce steam or heated water.

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2
Q

What is steam?

A

The vapor that forms when water is heated to its boiling point.

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3
Q

What is the heating surface in a boiler?

A

The part of the boiler where water is on one side and heat from gases of combustion on the other.

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4
Q

What is an internal furnace?

A

A furnace in a boiler that is surrounded by heating surface.

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5
Q

What is condensate?

A

Steam that has lost its heat and has turned to water.

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6
Q

What is makeup water?

A

Water added to a boiler to make up for the water loss due to leaks or lost condensate.

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7
Q

What is feedwater?

A

Water that is treated for use in a boiler.

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8
Q

What is a backflow preventer?

A

A boiler accessory that prevents the flow of water back to the potable water supply.

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9
Q

What is temperature difference?

A

The difference between the temperatures of two materials, the temperatures on both sides of a material, or the initial and final temperatures of a material through which heat has been transferred.

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10
Q

Define conduction.

A

Heat transfer that occurs when molecules in a material are heated and the heat is passed from molecule to molecule through the material.

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11
Q

Define convection.

A

Heat transfer that occurs when currents circulate between warm and cool regions of a fluid.

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12
Q

Define radiation.

A

Heat transfer that occurs as radiant energy (electromagnetic waves) travels through a material carrier.

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13
Q

What is a fluid?

A

A substance that takes the shape of its container.

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14
Q

What is combustion?

A

The rapid union of oxygen with an element or compound that results in the release of heat.

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15
Q

What is fossil fuel?

A

Fuel formed in the ground by plant and animal remains.

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16
Q

Define perfect combustion.

A

Combustion that occurs when all the fuel is burned using only the theoretical amount of air.

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17
Q

What is Complete Combustion?

A

Combustion that occurs when all the fuel is burned with a minimum amount of excess air remaining.

Complete combustion is essential for maximizing energy efficiency and minimizing emissions.

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18
Q

What is Incomplete Combustion?

A

Combustion that occurs when all the fuel is not burned.

Incomplete combustion can lead to the production of harmful pollutants and reduced energy efficiency.

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19
Q

What is Primary air?

A

The air supplied to a burner to mix directly with gas or to atomize fuel oil and control the rate of combustion.

Primary air is crucial for achieving the desired combustion characteristics.

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20
Q

What is secondary air?

A

The air supplied to the furnace to enhance combustion efficiency by controlling how completely the fuel is burned.

Secondary air helps in achieving a more complete combustion process.

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21
Q

What is Excess air?

A

Air supplied to the burner above the theoretical amount required to burn the fuel to ensure complete combustion.

Excess air can improve combustion efficiency but too much can lead to heat loss.

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22
Q

What is Atomization?

A

The process of reducing fuel oil into a fine spray of minute particles.

Atomization is important for efficient burning and optimal combustion performance.

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23
Q

What does the acronym MATT stand for in combustion?

A

M - mixture of air and fuel, A - Atomization of fuel, T - Temperature, T - Time.

These factors are critical for achieving efficient combustion.

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24
Q

What is Saturated Steam?

A

Pure steam at a temperature that corresponds to the boiling point of water at a specific pressure.

Saturated steam is crucial in various industrial applications, particularly in heating and power generation.

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25
Q

What is the purpose of the Feedwater System in a boiler?

A

Supplies the proper amount of water to the boiler.

Ensuring the boiler has enough water is essential for safe and efficient operation.

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26
Q

What does the Fuel System in a boiler do?

A

Provides fuel for combustion to produce the necessary heat in the boiler.

The type of fuel used can vary, including natural gas, oil, or coal.

27
Q

What is the function of the Draft System in a boiler?

A

Regulates the flow of air to and from the burner.

Proper air flow is essential for efficient combustion and to avoid excessive emissions.

28
Q

What is the Steam System in a boiler?

A

Collects, controls, and distributes the steam produced in the boiler.

This system is vital for transferring thermal energy for heating and power generation.

29
Q

What does MAWP stand for?

A

Maximum Allowed Working Pressure.

MAWP is critical for ensuring the safe operation of a boiler under pressure.

30
Q

Fill in the blank: The maximum pressure in pounds per square inch (psi) at which a boiler can safely be operated is known as _______.

A

Maximum Allowed Working Pressure (MAWP).

Understanding MAWP helps in assessing the operational limits of a boiler.

31
Q

What is the ASME Code?

A

A document produced by ASME International that governs boiler design, material, method of construction, inspection, and quality assurance.

ASME stands for the American Society of Mechanical Engineers.

32
Q

What causes atmospheric pressure?

A

The weight of air surrounding the earth.

33
Q

What is absolute pressure?

A

The sum of gauge pressure and atmospheric pressure.

34
Q

What is a firetube boiler?

A

A boiler in which heat and gases of combustion pass through tubes surrounded by water.

35
Q

What is a watertube boiler?

A

A boiler in which water passes through tubes surrounded by gases of combustion.

36
Q

What is the maximum operating pressure for a low pressure steam boiler?

A

Not more than 15 psi.

37
Q

What is a low pressure hot water heating boiler?

A

A boiler in which water is heated for supplying hot water at pressures of not more than 160 psi and temperatures of not more than 250°F.

38
Q

What is a Hot Water Supply boiler?

A

A low pressure hot water heating boiler with a volume of more than 120 gallons, a heat input of more than 200,000 BTU/hr, or an operating temperature of more than 200°F

Provides hot water to be used externally.

39
Q

What defines a Power Hot Water Boiler?

A

A boiler used for heating water or liquid to a pressure of more than 160 psi or to a temperature of more than 250°F

Also referred to as high-temperature water boilers.

40
Q

What is a Power Steam Boiler?

A

A boiler in which steam or other vapor is generated at pressures of more than 15 psi

Commonly used in power generation.

41
Q

Define Small Power Boiler.

A

A boiler with pressures of more than 15 psi but not more than 150 psi and having heat input less than 440,000 BTU/hr

Used for smaller scale applications.

42
Q

What is a Low Pressure Boiler?

A

A boiler with the Maximum Allowable Working Pressure (MAWP) of not more than 15 psi

Typically used in residential heating.

43
Q

What characterizes a High Pressure Boiler?

A

A boiler with the MAWP of more than 15 psi

Often used in industrial applications.

44
Q

What is Boiler Horsepower (BHP)?

A

The power required to evaporate 34.5 lb/hr of water at a temperature of 212°F

A measure of boiler capacity.

45
Q

What is a package boiler?

A

A boiler that is pre-assembled at the factory

Package boilers are typically factory-made and can be transported and installed as a single unit.

46
Q

Define a field-erected boiler.

A

A boiler that is constructed on site

Field-erected boilers are built directly at the location where they will be used, allowing for customization based on specific site requirements.

47
Q

What is a fitting in the context of boilers?

A

A component directly attached to the boiler required for its operation

Fittings can include valves, gauges, and other necessary parts that help the boiler function properly.

48
Q

What is an accessory in boiler terminology?

A

A piece of equipment not directly attached to the boiler but required for its operation

Examples might include pumps, controls, and other auxiliary devices.

49
Q

What is a tube sheet?

A

A metal sheet in which boiler tubes are mounted

Tube sheets are critical for securing the tubes in place and maintaining the integrity of the boiler.

50
Q

What does ‘pass’ refer to in a boiler?

A

The path or area where gases of combustion travel the length of the boiler

The design of the pass can affect the efficiency and performance of the boiler.

51
Q

Define refractory material.

A

Brick and nonflammable material used to insulate the outer surface of the boiler from heat

Refractories are essential for protecting the boiler structure and ensuring safe operation.

52
Q

What is a tube bank?

A

An assembly of tubes in a boiler

Tube banks facilitate heat transfer from the combustion gases to the water in the boiler.

53
Q

What is a firebox boiler?

A

A firetube boiler that has a round top and flat sides

Firebox boilers are designed for specific applications and can vary in size and capacity.

54
Q

What is a Horizontal Return Tubular Boiler (HRT)?

A

A firetube boiler suspended over a furnace

HRT boilers are commonly used in industrial applications and are known for their efficiency.

55
Q

What is a Watse Boiler?

A

A boiler that uses fuel or waste heat from an industrial process that would normally be wastes.

56
Q

What is an industrial watertube boiler?

A

A watertube boiler that consists of multiple drums

Industrial watertube boilers are typically used in large-scale applications.

57
Q

Define a commercial watertube boiler.

A

A watertube boiler that produces steam or hot water for commercial or medium size applications

These boilers are designed to meet the needs of commercial facilities.

58
Q

What characterizes a straight-tube watertube boiler?

A

A boiler that has straight tubes surrounded by gases of combustion

Straight-tube designs help in efficient heat transfer.

59
Q

What is a bent-tube watertube boiler?

A

A boiler that has shaped tubes surrounded by gases of combustion

Bent-tube boilers are often used for their compact design.

60
Q

What is a membrane boiler?

A

A watertube boiler that uses strips of metal alloy welded between the tubes to form a seal

This design enhances structural integrity and efficiency.

61
Q

Define a cast iron boiler.

A

A boiler that has gases of combustion flowing through cast iron sections that contain water

Cast iron boilers are known for their durability and heat retention.

62
Q

What is the function of an electric boiler?

A

A boiler that uses electrical heating elements to heat water for residential or light commercial hot water heating systems

Electric boilers are often used where gas supply is limited.

63
Q

What is a refuse boiler?

A

A boiler that uses municipal solid waste that would normally go to landfills

Refuse boilers contribute to waste management and energy recovery.

Low Pressure Boiler Study Guide (2 decks)

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