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LMRT REFRESHER > CHAPTER 1 > Flashcards

CHAPTER 1 Flashcards

1
Q

The muscular system:

A

maintains posture

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2
Q

The endocrine system:

A

regulates body activities through various hormones

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3
Q

the integumentary system:

A

receives stimuli

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4
Q

the circulatory system:

A

regulates body temperature

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5
Q

the 3 functional classifications of joints are:

A

synarthrosis, amphiarthrosis, and diarthrosis

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6
Q

plane:

A

gliding

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7
Q

ginglymus:

A

hinge

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8
Q

pivot

A

trochoid

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9
Q

ellipsoid

A

condylar

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10
Q

saddle

A

sellar

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11
Q

ball and socket

A

spheroidal

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12
Q

bicondylar

A

condylar

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13
Q

what type of movement is the 1st carpometacarpal joint?

A

saddle

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14
Q

what type of movement is the elbow joint?

A

ginglymus

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15
Q

what type of movement is the intercarpal joint

A

plane

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16
Q

what type of movement is the wrist joint

A

ellipsoidal

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17
Q

what type of movement is the temporomandibular joint

A

bicondylar

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18
Q

what type of movement is the 2nd interphalangeal joint

A

ginglymus

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19
Q

what type of movement is the distal radioulnar joint

A

pivot

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20
Q

what type of movement is the ankle joint

A

saddle

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21
Q

what type of movement is the knee joint

A

bicondylar

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22
Q

what type of movement is the 3rd metacarpophalangeal joint

A

pivot

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23
Q

define body habitus

A

the build of the body

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24
Q

opposite of depression:

A

elevation

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25
Q

outside or outward:

A

exterior

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26
Q

on the same side:

A

ipsilateral

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27
Q

near the skin surface:

A

superficial

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28
Q

what are the 3 recommendations stated in the ASRT ACE communication campaign?

A

A: announce your name
C: communicate your credentials
E: explain procedure

29
Q

what is the type of grid cut-off if the cr and face of the grid are not perpendicular

A

off-level

30
Q

what is the type of grid cutoff if the SID is set beyond the focal range of the grid?

A

off-focus

31
Q

what is the tern for recorded image sharpness

A

spatial resolution

32
Q

the lack of image sharpness is termed

A

blur

33
Q

what 3 geometric factors control spatial resolution

A

SID, OID, focal spot size

34
Q

What are the 4 controlling factors of distortion

A

OID, SID, object IR alignment, CR placement

35
Q

The range or level of image contrast in the digital image is primarily controlled by

A

digital processing

36
Q

what are the 6 image quality factors to evaluate a digital image?

A

brightness, contrast, spatial resolution, distortion, noise, exposure indicator

37
Q

a digital system’s ability to distinguish between similar tissues is termed

A

contrast resolution

38
Q

radiographic contrast in the digital image is primarily affected by

A

application of processing algorithms

39
Q

the greater the bit depth in digital imaging, the greater the

A

contrast resolution

40
Q

what are the 2 pixel sizes used in digital imaging

A

acquisition and display

41
Q

in addition to acquisition pixel size, spatial resolution in the digital image is controlled by

A

display matrix

42
Q

what 4 factors affect the exposure indicator number?

A

mas, kvp, total detector area irradiated, objects exposed

43
Q

reversing dark or light pixel values is termed

A

invert image

44
Q

list 3 components of a PSP-CR system

A

IP, IP reader, tech work station

45
Q

what is the formula used to convert cm to in

A

in=xcm(0.3937)

46
Q

what does RIS stand for

A

radiographic information system

47
Q

what is the definition of teleradiography

A

the electric transmission of diagnostic imaging studies

48
Q

what is the FPD-TFT receptor made of

A

amorphous silicone

49
Q

display matrix:

A

display of pixels

50
Q

exposure latitude:

A

range of exposure intensities

51
Q

windowing:

A

adjusting window level/width

52
Q

penumbra:

A

unsharp edges

53
Q

exposure indicator:

A

numeric value of exposure

54
Q

bit depth:

A

of shades of gray in each pixel

55
Q

distortion:

A

misrepresentation of object size/shape

56
Q

kilovoltage:

A

controls penetrating power

57
Q

spatial resolution:

A

sharpness

58
Q

post processing:

A

enhancing electronic image

59
Q

what is the SI unit for roentgen

A

c/kg of air

60
Q

what is the SI unit for radiation absorbed dose

A

Gy

61
Q

what is the SI unit for radiation equivalent man?

A

Sv

62
Q

what is the equation in converting rads for gy

A

Gy=rad(0.01)

63
Q

what is the equation in converting mrad to mGy?

A

mrd=100(mgy)

64
Q

what is the equation in converting rem to Sv

A

Sv=rem(0.01)

65
Q

what is the equation in converting rem to mSv

A

rem=10mSv

66
Q

for modern flouroscopy equipment, the average exposure rate is

A

1 to 3 R/ min

67
Q

what projection provides the most radiation to bone marrow

A

retrograde pyelogram

68
Q

what are the 2 types of fluoroscopy readouts required by the FDA to monitor radiation output

A

DAP and cumulative total dose

LMRT REFRESHER (2 decks)

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