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EC1605 Statistics and Data Analysis > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Why and how to use stats?

A
  1. We can’t get data on everyone
  2. Randomly pick people to create a representative sample
  3. make inferences from the sample to the population
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2
Q

What is the population?

A

collection of objects/people of interest

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3
Q

What is a sample?

A

a subset of the population

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4
Q

What is a census?

A

the sample being the entire population

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5
Q

What is a measurement?

A

number or attribute from each individual member of the population or sample (Doesn’t have to be numerical. Can be categorical or qualitative rather than numerical and quantitative e.g. colour)

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6
Q

What is sample data?

A

measurements of a sample collected together

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7
Q

What is a parameter?

A

number that summarizes some aspect of the population as a whole e.g. population mean

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8
Q

What is a statistic?

A

number created from the sample data

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9
Q

What is descriptive statistics?

A

describing, organizing and displaying data

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10
Q

What is inferential statistics?

A

drawing conclusions about the population of interest from info gathered from a sample

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11
Q

What is Statistics?

A

methods for collecting, displaying, analysing and drawing conclusions from data

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12
Q

What is quaLitative data?

A

measurements with no numerical scale, but consisting of attributes, labels or categorical

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13
Q

What is quaNtitative data?

A

numerical measurements that arise from a numerical scale

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14
Q

What is the statement an example of? “whether someone is taller than 6ft or not”

A

QuaLitative data as it is categorical, not numerical

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15
Q

What is the symbol of “sample mean”?

A

X̄

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16
Q

What is the symbol for Sample proportion?

A

p̂

17
Q

What is the symbol for the population mean?

A

µ

18
Q

What is the symbol for population proportion?

A

p in italics

19
Q

What are the benefits of having a larger sample?

A

better estimated results (closer to the population mean)

20
Q

What are the 2 uses of samples?

A
  1. estimate population parameter
  2. test claims about parameters
21
Q

What is a data list?

A

explicit listing of all the individual measurements, either with commas or spaces in between

22
Q

What is a data frequency table?

A

X values on top of F values (freq of X)
2 rows, 2 columns

EC1605 Statistics and Data Analysis (2 decks)

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