Chapter 1 Flashcards
Artificial selection
Changes in the genetic structure of populations due to the selective breeding by humans. Ex: dogs, cats, crops
Genome
The entire DNA of an organism
Homeostasis
Keeping the internal environment stable inside an organism
Atom
Smallest unit of an element that contains the characteristics of that element
Analogus
Similar in function but different in evolutionary origin. Ex: wing of a bat v. wing of a butterfly
Reductionism
The gain of an electron by an atom
Phylogenetic tree
Shows the evolutionary history of a gene
Organelle
Specialized part of a cell
Tissues
A group of similar cells organized into a structural and functional unit
Deductive reasoning
Application of general principles to predict a specific result
Natural selection
Natural breeding, effected by the environment, leads to evolution
Homologous
Refers to similar structures with the same evolutionary origin. Ex: the bone structure in human arms and dogs arms
Gene
The basic unit of hereditary
Emergent properties
Novel properties arising from the way individual organisms interact
Inductive reasoning
Application of a specific observation to make a generalization
Molecule
Two or more atoms, smallest particle of a substance, retains chemical and physical properties of that substance
