Chapter 1

Question 1

Refers to short-term changes in atmospheric conditions, while climate refers to long-term patterns and averages of weather conditions.

Answer 1

Weather

Question 2

include air temperature, air pressure, humidity, clouds, precipitation, visibility, and wind. These elements describe the state of the atmosphere at any given time.

Answer 2

Weather Elements

Question 3

is the average weather over a long period, including the extremes of temperature and precipitation.

Answer 3

Climate

Question 3

the study of the atmosphere, including weather processes and forecasting.

Answer 3

Meteorology

Question 4

The term comes from the Greek word meteoros, meaning

Answer 4

High in the Air

Question 5

The lowest layer where weather occurs, and temperature decreases with altitude.

Answer 5

Troposphere

Question 6

also decreases with altitude, which is why breathing becomes difficult at higher elevations.

Answer 6

Air Density

Question 6

Temperature decreases with altitude, and it’s the layer where most meteors burn up.

Answer 6

Mesosphere

Question 6

Contains the ozone layer, and temperature increases with altitude due to ozone absorbing UV radiation.

Answer 6

Stratosphere

Question 7

The outermost layer, where temperatures increase significantly due to solar radiation.

Answer 7

Thermosphere

Question 8

is the weight of the air above a certain point. It decreases with altitude because there is less air above.

Answer 8

Air Pressure

Question 9

The life-sustaining blanket of air surrounding Earth.

Answer 9

Atmosphere

Question 10

The region between approximately 30° and 50° latitude, often the site of complex weather patterns

Answer 10

Middle Latitude

Question 11

Large storm systems that develop in the middle latitudes due to temperature differences between air masses.

Answer 11

Middle-Latitude Cyclonic Form

Question 12

A form of oxygen that absorbs ultraviolet radiation, found in the stratosphere.

Answer 12

Ozone

Question 13

A region of the upper atmosphere, containing ions, which plays a key role in radio communication.

Answer 13

Ionosphere

Question 14

A balloon-borne instrument used to measure atmospheric conditions like temperature, humidity, and pressure.

Answer 14

Radiosonde

Question 15

The process by which certain gases in the atmosphere trap heat, warming the planet.

Answer 15

Greenhouse Effect

Question 16

The first weather satellite, launched in 1960, which provided the first space-based images of cloud patterns.

Answer 16

Trios 1