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Ethics > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

The Empirical study of moral decisions, it is a discipline concerned with whats morally good and bad.

A

Ethics

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2
Q

Deals with what humans must do or how human beings should be

A

Moral Philosophy

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3
Q

Discipline that relies on meaning, seeking to address non moral questions about morality

A

Meta Ethics

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4
Q

Examine how humans respond to a moral question

A

Normative Ethics

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5
Q

refer to the guidelines we have on the types of acts that we find to be
morally permissible and morally unacceptable.

A

Moral Standards

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6
Q

is a situation in which a decision-
maker must give preference to one moral principle over another.

A

Moral Dilemma

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7
Q

freedom is the right to control one’s actions based on reason, not desire.
All of this can be simplified to the definition of autonomy.

A

Kants Philosophy

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8
Q

Autonomy came from the greek term which translates to

A

Self Legislator

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9
Q

according to kant what should be used to decide how
people will behave. He did not attempt to recommend concrete action but advised that ____
should be used to decide how to behave.

A

Reason

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10
Q

Irrespective of our wishes or desires, a
binds us as everyone has a responsibility not to lie, regarless of conditions
and even though it is in our interest to do so.

A

Categorical Imperative

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11
Q

one that we must fulfill
if we are to satisfy our desires or command conditionally on your having a relevant desire.

A

Hypothetical Imperative

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12
Q

a broad and diverse collection of often
intangible areas of social life.

A

Culture

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13
Q

means that we do not judge a society by our own criteria of what is right
or wrong, odd or natural. Rather, we will make an effort to understand the cultural traditions of
other communities in their own cultural context.

A

Cultural Relativism

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14
Q

Characteristics of filipino culture

A

Very Resilient
Take Pride in their families
Hospitable
religious
respectful
help one another
values culture
longest Christmas
Loves art and architecture

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15
Q

Weakness of filipino culture

A

Kanya Kanya Syndrome
Lack discipline
Extreme personalism
Lack of Initiative
Colonial mentality
Lack of Self analysis

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16
Q

moral theory that contends that there are no objective
universal moral rules, and the moral rules that do exist are culturally bound. In other words, there
is a negative claim that there are no moral claims such as that killing is wrong that would apply to
every culture, and there is a positive claim that there are moral rules, but they vary depending on
culture, society, and context.

A

Cultural Relativism

17
Q

means something that a person or a group believes has a value that merits
being sought, promoted, or privileged. This can be a thing (money, food, art), a state of mind
(peace, protection, certainty), or a behavior that results from those things or states of mind
(protecting innocent people, telling the truth, being creative).

A

Value

18
Q

can be be unerstood in two ways. First, it could be that
something has universal value because everyone finds it important. Second, it could have universal
value when all people have reason to believe it has value.

A

Universal Values

19
Q

is the state or quality of being worthy of honor or respect.

A

Dignity

20
Q

earned and cannot be taken away from anyone. It must be preserved so that
the respect of others is maintained.

A

Dignity

21
Q

is having and maintaining ‘good
public relations.’ This is usually being practiced to avoid clash with other people or a certain group.
Just like other Filipino values, ‘pakikisama’ can work either positively or destructively.

A

Pakikisama

22
Q

very important to Filipinos. It is recognizing and
returning the favor to that person in the same measure who help them in times of need

A

Utang na Loob

23
Q

Filipinos in accepting the food that are offered to them. Even though
they are hungry, they will feel sense of shame accepting the food given to them or they will say
that they are not yet hungry.

A

Hiya / Kahihiyan

24
Q

’ has been characterized as the
high degree of sensitivity that makes a person intolerant to criticism and causes him to have an
easily wounded pride

A

Amor propio

25
Q

observed in the Filipino families. They try to avoid doing things that may
dishonor their family’s name and reputation. If problems arise in the family, as much as they could,
they will hide it within the family because for them, the stink of a member will be the stink of the
whole family

A

Kahihiyan

26
Q

refers to the existence or lack of virtues such as integrity, courage,
fortitude, honesty, and loyalty.

A

Moral Character

27
Q

humans had to comply with their subjective will with
objective rational rules,

A

conformity obligations.

28
Q

it is a must to do what is good while

you do good but it is not an obligation to do so.

A

Perfect Duty

Imperfect Duty

29
Q

rule of behavior that is
unconditional or absolute for all agents or persons whose truth or argument does not
depend on any purpose or end.

A

Categorical Imperative

30
Q

a rule of
behavior relating to a person the idea that only if he or she desires a certain end and has
decided to act on that desire.

A

Hypothetical Imperative

31
Q

the action to be
done does not depend on the result or desire or not conditioned by desire.

A

Categorical Imperative

32
Q

the basis of the action to be done is what I want and the means
to get it.

A

hypothetical Imperative

33
Q

this theory must be applied to
all citizens without any contradictions. Meaning, when someone commits a crime he
or she will be punished regardless of social and economic standing. The law must be
applicable to all.

A

Universalizability

34
Q

human intrinsic worth does not
depend on something else, it does not depend on whether a person loves his or her life
or makes other people’s lives better. A human being live so he or she has value.

A

Humanity as an end itself

35
Q

Ang worth ng isang tao ay hindi nasusukat kung gusto nya or hindi ang buhay nya or kung may napapasaya syang tao, kung buhay ka may value na ang buhay mo

A

Humanity as an end itself

36
Q

Categorical Imperative is pagkilos mo na hindi nag dedepende sa result o kapalit ng ginawa mo (desire).

A

Hypothetical Imperative naman is pag kilos mo dahil gusto mo at dapat mong gawin

37
Q

concerned primarily with the nature of interpersonal relationships and not
with their substance.

does not affect the desires, wishes, or needs of others.

involves external acts through which an individual may directly or indirectly
influence others.

A

Justice

38
Q

considered goodness of character as a product of the practice of virtuous behavior.
This means that for Aristotle, virtuous acts are not the end results of a good character.

A

Aristotle

39
Q

virtues are tendencies to act, to feel, and judge, tendencies which are
developed from natural capacity

A

Virtues according to Aristotle

Ethics (2 decks)

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