Chapter 1 Flashcards
What are historians?
They are scholars who study and write about the historical past.
What is prehistory?
The long period of time before people invented writing.
What are artifacts?
They are objects made by humans.
What is anthropology?
The study of the origins and development of people and their societies.
What is culture?
The way of life of a society.
What is archaeology?
It is the study of past people and cultures through their material remains
Who are Mary and Louis Leakey?
They are anthropologists who started searching for clues for human past in a deep canyon in Tanzania.
What is Olduvai Gorge?
It is a deep canyon in Tanzania.
What is Technology?
It is the skills and tools people use to meet their basic needs and wants.
Who is Donald Johanson?
He is an anthropologist that found many pieces of a single hominid skeleton “Lucy”.
What is the Old Stone Age?
It is the Paleolithic period which is from 2 million B.C. to about 10,000 B.C.
What is the New Stone Age?
It is the Neolithic period from about 10,000 B.C. to the end of prehistory.
Who are nomads?
They are people who move from place to place to find food.
What is animism?
Which is the belief the world was full of of spirits and forces that might reside in animals, objects, or dreams.
What is the Neolithic Revolution?
It is the transition from nomadic life to settled farming brought about such dramatic changes in way of life.
What are domesticate plants and animals?
That means to raise them in a controlled way that makes them best suited to human use.
What are some of the first Neolithic villages that were unearthed?
They were Çatalhüyük (in modern day Turkey) and Jericho (an Israeli controlled city)
What is a civilization?
It is a complex, highly organized social order.
What are steppes?
They are some less fertile lands or on sparse, dry grasslands.
What is polytheism?
It is the belief in many gods.
What are artisans?
They are skilled craftspeople.
What are pictographs?
They are simple drawings that look like the objects they represent.
What are scribes?
They are specially trained people that could read and write.
What is cultural diffusion?
It is the spread of ideas, customs, and technologies from one people to another.
What is a city-state?
It is a political unit that included a city and its surrounding lands and villages.
What is an empire?
It is a group of states or territories controlled by one ruler.
