Chapter 1 Flashcards
Which of the following is a main difference between the terms “abnormal psychology” and “psychopathology”?
a. psychopathology is seen as more sensitive and less stigmatizing
b. one is scientific and the other is not
c. there are no differences between these phrases
d. researchers use on definition and clinicians use another
a. psychopathology is seen as more sensitive and less stigmatizing
Which of the following is the correct definition of dysfunction?
a. an individual’s suffering, either through psychological or physical pain
b. behavior that other people deem culturally inappropriate
c. a breakdown in cognition, emotion, or behaviour
d. a move away from what is normal, typical, or average
c. a breakdown in cognition, emotion, or behavior
Why is distress, on its own, a limited way to define disorder?
a. some disorders are marked by a lack of insight or distress
b. some people don’t feel distress when they should
c. distress only occurs when someone feels suicidal
a. some disorders are marked by a lack of insight or distress
Standardization is important in a psychological assessent because:
a. only doctors should be performing assessments
b. there are lots of types of assessments
c. it makes clients more likely to sue you if you get something wrong
d. ensuring assessment experiences are as similar as possible for everyone allows us to be more confident in our conclusions
d. ensuring assessment experiences are as similar as possible for everyone allows us to be more confident in our conclusions
During Jane’s assessment, her psychologist shows her some cards with drawings on them, and asks Jane to explain what she thinks is happening in the cards. Jane’s psychologist is using a:
a. personality test
b. clinical interview
c. projective test
d. PET scan
c. projective test
Why is a physical examination an important component of a clinical assessment?
a. so people feel like they are getting assessed by a “real” doctor
b. it forces psychologists and physicians to work together
c. because most mental illness can now be detected in the blood
d. some medical conditions might manifest symptoms that mimic a mental disorder
d. some medical conditions might manifest symptoms that mimic a mental disorder
In the “ABCs” of behavioural assessment, C stands for:
a. consequences
b. complacency
c. confusion
d. clinician concern
a. consequences
It is important for diagnostic classification systems to have clinical utility, which means that:
a. it helps clinicians determine prognosis, treatment plan, and possible outcomes of treatment
b. there are lots of entries of various diagnoses in it
c. it can be used in many different clinical settings
d. clinicians like to use it
a. it helps clinicians determine prognosis, treatment plan, and possible outcomes of treatment
Classification systems are designed to help clinicians:
a. outsource their work to assistants
b. make a diagnosis
c. not get sued
d. know what to do for their assessments
b. make a diagnosis
The diagnostic system most commonly used in North America is:
a. The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems
b. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
c. there is no consistent system adopted in North America
d. Freud’s seminal textbook on defense mechanisms
b. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
The branch of psychology that studies abnormal behavior and ways of helping people who are affected by psychological disorders
abnormal psychology
The scientific study of mental illness or disorders
psychopathology
Abnormal behavior patterns that involves impairment of psychological functioning or behavior
psychological disorders
What is the criteria used to distinguish normal and abnormal behavior?
unusualness, social deviance, faulty perceptions or interpretations of reality, significant personal distress, maladaptive or self-defeating behavior, and dangerousness
What are the cultural problems in defining psychological disorders?
Culture decides what we consider normal. Something in our culture may be considered abnormal to another. And another culture may consider our normals abnormal.
