Chapter 1 Flashcards
What are hydrogenic atoms?
Atoms which only have one electron and are free of complicating effects of electron-electron repulsions
What happens when electric charge gets applied to hydrogen gas?
Electromagnetic radiation is emitted and when the EM radiation is passed through a prism, it results in a spectrum whose wavelength can be described by the equation with Ryberg’s constant
Do electrons behave as waves or particles?
They can behave as both
What is the solution to Schrodinger’s equation? What does the solution tell us? What is the probability of finding an electron?
The solution to Schrodinger’s equation is a wavefunction (psi), which tells us the location and properties of electrons in atoms
The probability of finding an electron at a given location is proportional to (psi) square.
What is the particle component of EM radiation? What are the wave-like properties?
Photons
The wavelike properties that EM radiation exhibits is that there is interference and diffraction
What is a consequence of wave-particle duality that electrons exhibit? What is this restriction called?
It is impossible to know linear momentum and location of an electron simultaneously
What does a wavefunction contain?
All the dynamical information possible about the electron, including where it is and how fast it is travelling
Why do we care about the probability of finding an electron?
We care because we cannot pinpoint the exact location of an electron
What is psi squared? Why is it called a density? What is a normalized wavefunction? What is the probability equal to in a normalized wavefunction?
Probability density of the electron
Product of psi squared and d(tau) is proportional to finding the electron in that volume
A normalized wavefunction is when it is scaled so that the total probablity of finding the electron somewhere is 1.
Its probability is equal to psi * dt and is not a proportion
What is the wavefunction of an electron in an atom also known as? Why?
An atomic orbital.
BC from the wavefunction we can know things about the atomic orbital
All orbitals with the same value of n belong to the same what? All orbitals of a given shell with the same value of l(angular momentum) belong to the same what?
Which quantum number distinguishes between the orbitals
shell
subshell
magnetic quantum number
Where do the orbital labels spdf come from?
They come from terms used to describe groups of lines in the atomic spectra
what are nodes? What are the two types of nodes? Why are there two different types
Regions where wavefunctions pass through
The two types of nodes are radial and angular nodes
This is because the wavefunction psi has two components: the radial and angular components. When either are 0, it is a node
What is the total number of radial and angular nodes equal to?
n-1
Equation for radial nodes?
n-l-1
