Chapter 1 Flashcards
True or false: organic and biochemistry deal with: Carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and oxygen
Truey wuey
مصطلح:
Particle containing non-metal + hydrogen
Non-metal hydride
In 3D shapes of models, which color is Nitrogen?
Bluey
In 3D shapes of models, which color is Nitrogen?
Bluey
In 3-D shapes of molecules, which color does hydrogen get?
White
In 3-D shapes of molecules, which color does fluorine get?
Yellow (more like f-urine)
In 3-D shapes of molecules, which color does water get?
Red (when red must drink lots of woter)
_________ are the simplest organic compounds
Hydrocarbons
(Only contain C and H)
T or F:
Methane, ethane, propane, butane and pentane are all gas at any temperature
Falsy Walsy
Truth: only first four, without pentane, are gas ONLY in 25°C
T or F:
Methane, ethane, propane, butane and pentane are all gas at any temperature
Falsy Walsy
Truth: only first four, without pentane, are gas ONLY in 25°C
T or F:
Pentane and hexane are liquid
Truey
(Increases - decreases)
Boiling point of alkanes _________ as number pf Carbon increases
Increases
In 3-D models of alkanes, which color does carbon take?
Black
In 3-D models of alkanes, which color does hydrogen get?
Whity
مصطلح:
Hydrocarbons with two less hydrogens than alkanes
Alkenes
What has the basic formula of: CnH2n
Alkenes
مصطلح:
Hydrocarbons with four fewer hydrogens and alkanes
Alkynes
What do we get when we replace one H from alkane with an -OH group?
We get alcohol
T or F:
The formula that indicates how atoms are connected is called the molecular formula
Falsy Walsy
Truth: structural
Name this guy: AsF3
Arsenic trifluoride
Name this guy: HBr
Hydrogen bromide
Name this guy: N2O4
Dinitrogen tetroxide
Name this guy: CO
Carbon monoxide
What is the formula of nitrogen triiodide
NI3
Name this guy: P4O10
Tetraphosphorus decoxide
What is the formula of: hydrogen sulfide
H2S
What is the formula of hydrogen telluride?
H2Te
Common name for C12 H22 O11
Sucrose
Common name for PH3?
Phosphine
T or F: transition metals are much less reactive than group 1A and 2A
True
(Do or don’t)
Transition metals _______ transfer electrons to nonmetals from ionic compounds
Do
Which group has this property: can form more than one compound with the same nonmetal
Transition metals
Which group do these elements belong to?:
Ge, Sn, In, TI, Bi, Pb, Uut, Uuq, Uub
Post-transition metals
In the periodic table, _______ are after transition metals, and before metalloids
Post-transition metals
T or F:
Both tin and lead have 2 oxidation states
Truey
SnO, SnO
Pb 2+, Pb 4+
Which of the following is the correct formula for potassium oxide?:
A) KO
B) KO₂
C) K₂O
D) K₂O₂
C) K₂O
Which element is classified as a metalloid?
A) Sodium
B) Silicon
C) Chlorine
D) Oxygen
B) Silicon
Which of the following is the correct name for Cu₂S
A) Copper(II) sulfate
B) Copper(I) sulfide
C) Copper(II) sulfide
D) Copper(I) sulfate
B) Copper(I) sulfide
What is the correct molecular formula for octane
C) C₈H₁₈
Which group on the periodic table contains the noble gases
Group 8A
T or F:
Isotopes of an element have different chemical properties.
False
T or F:
Halogens are part of Group 7A and are highly reactive.
True
T or F:
Transition metals form more than one type of positive ion.
Truey
T or F:
Nonmetals are generally good conductors of electricity.
Falsy
T or F:
Ionic compounds do not conduct electricity in their solid state.
Truey
The mass number (A) is the sum of __________ and __________ in an atom.
Protons, neutrons
The vertical columns in the periodic table are called __________, while the horizontal rows are called __________.
Groups, periods
Elements that are brittle and poor conductors are classified as __________.
Nonmetals
The __________ are elements 58–71 on the periodic table.
Lanthanides
The chemical bond formed by sharing electrons between atoms is called a __________ bond.
Covalent
What is the scientific term for atoms that lose or gain electrons to form charged particles?
Ions
What is the scientific term for the rule that cations are written before anions in chemical formulas?
Criss-cross rule
What is the scientific term for elements that have properties of both metals and nonmetals?
Metalloids
What is the scientific term for ions composed of multiple atoms?
Polyatomic ions
What is the scientific term for the tendency of metals to form positive ions?
Metallic character
Which of the following is a property of metals?**
A) Brittle
B) Poor conductor of electricity
C) Malleable
D) Dull
C) Malleable
Which of the following correctly describes the halogens?
A) Very reactive metals
B) Unreactive noble gases
C) Diatomic molecules in their elemental form
D) Uncharged ions
C) Diatomic molecules in their elemental form
What is the correct formula for the compound formed between calcium ions (Ca²⁺) and sulfate ions (SO₄²⁻)?
A) CaSO₄
B) Ca₂SO₄
C) Ca(SO₄)₂
D) Ca₂SO₄₃
A) CaSO₄
Which of the following is a property of nonmetals?
A) Conductive
B) Lustrous
C) Malleable
D) Brittle
D) Brittle
Which of the following is a property of nonmetals?
A) Conductive
B) Lustrous
C) Malleable
D) Brittle
D) Brittle
What is the correct chemical formula for aluminum oxide?
Al₂O₃
What is the atomic number of an element, and why is it important?
The atomic number is the number of protons in an atom’s nucleus, and it defines the element and its position on the periodic table.
What are transition metals, and where are they located on the periodic table?
Transition metals are elements located in the center of the periodic table. They are metals that can form multiple oxidation states.
Why do ionic compounds conduct electricity in their liquid or dissolved states, but not in their solid states?
In their liquid or dissolved states, ions are free to move, allowing electrical conductivity. In their solid states, ions are fixed in place and cannot conduct electricity.
What is the difference between a molecular and an ionic compound?
A molecular compound is formed by covalent bonds between nonmetals, while an ionic compound is formed by the transfer of electrons between a metal and a nonmetal.
How is the average atomic mass of an element calculated?
The average atomic mass is calculated by taking the weighted average of the masses of all stable isotopes of the element.
Formula of compound formed from magnesium and phosphorus
Mg3P2
What is the formula for oxalate ion?
C2O4 (2- charge)
What is formula of the compound formed from the calcium ion and acetate ion?
Ca(C2H3O2)2
What is the oxidation state for nitrite? (NO2)
-1
What is the oxidation state of nitrate? (NO3)
1-
What is the formula of thiosulfate ion?
S₂O₃²⁻
What is the formula for dichromate ion?:
Cr₂O₇²⁻
