Chapter 1 Flashcards
Atomic Structure
What is elements?
A substance containing only one type of atom. All the atoms in an element have the smae proton number.
What is atom?
The smallest part of an element that can take part in a chemical change. Every atom contains protons in its nucleus and electrons outside the nucleus. Most atoms have neutrons in the nucleus. The exception is the isotope of hydrogen.
What is protons?
Postively charged particle in the nucleus of the atom.
What is neutrons?
Uncharged particle in the nucleus of an atom, with the same relative mass as a proton.
What is electrons?
Negatively charged particle found in orbitals outside the nucleus of an atom. It has negligible mass compared with a proton.
What is energy level?
The specific distances from the nucleus correspondin to the energy of the electrons. Electrons in energy levels further from the nucleus have more energy than those closer to the nucleus.
Energy levels are split up into sub-levels, which are they?
s, p, d, & f
What is anode?
The positive electrode (where oxidation reactions occur).
What is the relative mass of proton, neutron, and electron?
Proton: 1
Neutron: 1
Electron: 1/1836
What is the relative charge of proton, neutron, and electron?
Proton: +1
Neutron: 0
Electron: -1
What is the atomic number?
The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.
What is isotopes
Atoms of the same element with different mass numbers. They only differ in the number of neutrons they contain.
Note: that the word ‘atom’ is essential in this definition.
What is mass numbers?
The number of protons + neutrons in an atom. Also called as nucleon number.
Is the neutron deflected by fields?
No, beams of proton and electrons are deflected by electric fields but neutrons are not.
Describe the arrangement of an atom!
The atoms consist of positively charged protons and neutral neutrons in the nucleus, surrounded by negatively charged electrons arranged in energy level (shells).
