Chapter 1

Question 1

levels of organization

Answer 1

atoms -> molecules/macro -> cells -> tissues -> organs -> organism -> population -> community -> ecosystem -> biosphere

Question 2

evolution

Answer 2

a heritable change in a population of oragnisms from one generation to the next

Question 3

natural selection

Answer 3

a heritable change in a population of organisms that alters the traits of an organism and increases the likelihood of surviving

Question 4

biological evolution

Answer 4

changes in DNA that is passed from parent to offspring

(can be harmful or beneficial)

Question 5

allele

Answer 5

different forms of a gene

Question 6

nucleotides

Answer 6

the sequence of nucleotides make alleles

Question 7

genome

Answer 7

total of all the DNA in the cell

Question 8

proteome

Answer 8

proteins coded by genome

Question 9

2 modes of evolution

Answer 9

1. vertical evolution: mutations passed from parent to offspring over successive generations (lineage)
2. horizontal: genetic material is “shared” among individuals can be intra or interspecific

Question 10

taxonomy

Answer 10

biology field concerned with the grouping and classification of species

Question 11

binominal nomenclature

Answer 11

each species has its own epithet, with a genus

Genus is capitalized, both words are italized

Question 12

theories vs laws

Answer 12

theories: broader explaniation that has been tested
laws: broadest discription of natural phenomenon