chapter 1

Question 1

how is biology studied?

Answer 1

using the scientific method

Question 2

deductive reasoning

Answer 2

Summarize the information at hand and draw conclusions from that information; proceeds from
the general to the specific.

Question 3

inductive reasoning

Answer 3

Drawing a generalization from several specific observations; proceeds from the specific to the
general. Must be careful, because it is impossible to prove the accuracy of the generalization

Question 4

what is a hypothesis

Answer 4

a testable model

Question 5

why do we do experiments?

Answer 5

An experiment is conducted to test the correctness of the hypothesis

Question 6

Experimental or treatment group

Answer 6

the individuals given the specific treatment or condition being tested

Question 7

control group

Answer 7

the individuals not given the specific treatment

Question 8

why must care must be taken that the experimental and control groups receive the same treatments except for the specific effect
being tested?

Answer 8

placebo effect

Question 9

theory

Answer 9

A well supported hypothesis that links together a large body of observations

Question 10

principle or law

Answer 10

A theory that links together significant bodies of thought and yields unvarying and uniform predictions over a long
period of time

Question 11

Supernatural causes and effects

Answer 11

cannot be proved or
disproved.

Question 12

cell

Answer 12

• The basic structural and functional unit of life consisting of living material bounded by a membrane. The smallest
  unit of living things capable of growth and development

Question 13

unicellular

Answer 13

An organism consisting of a single cell.

Question 14

multicellular

Answer 14

An organism consisting of more than one cell.

Question 15

living things…

Answer 15

grow and develop

Question 16

metabolism

Answer 16

includes the chemical processes essential to growth and repair

Question 17

metabolism

Answer 17

he sum of the chemical reactions and energy transformations that take place within a cell

Question 18

homeostasis

Answer 18

• the tendency of an organism to maintain a relatively constant internal environment.

Question 19

asexual reproduction

Answer 19

– copying; reproduction not involving sex (genetic recombination); resulting from only cell
division

Question 20

sexual reproduction

Answer 20

– reproduction involving sex; typically involves the formation of specialized egg and sperm cells
and their fusion to produce a zygote which grows and develops into a new organism

Question 21

hormones

Answer 21

chemical signals used for intercellular signaling

Question 22

taxonomy

Answer 22

• the science of classifying and naming organisms

Question 23

Carolus Linnaeus

Answer 23

18th century Swedish botanist) developed a system of classification that is the basis of what is used
today

Question 24

Species

Answer 24

• basic unit of classification or taxonomy

Question 25

Genus

Answer 25

• a group of closely related species.

Question 26

the genus and specific epithet names make up what?

Answer 26

the binomial name

Question 27

family

Answer 27

A group of related genera make up a

Question 28

order

Answer 28

Related families make up an

Question 29

class

Answer 29

Related orders are grouped into a

Question 30

Phylum or Division

Answer 30

Related classes are grouped into a

Question 31

kingdom

Answer 31

Related phyla or divisions are grouped into a

Question 32

domain

Answer 32

Related kingdoms are grouped into a

Question 33

prokaryotes

Answer 33

, organisms with no true cellular nucleus