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Urinalysis > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

biological source-

A

infectious agents

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2
Q

biological possible possible injury- (4)

A

-Bacterial
-fungal,
-viral
-parasitic
infections

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3
Q

sharps source- (3)

A

-needles
-lancets
-broken glass

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4
Q

sharps possible injury- (3)

A

-Cuts
-punctures
-exposure to blood-
borne pathogens

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5
Q

chemical source- (2)

A

-preservatives
-reagents

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6
Q

chemical possible injury- (2)

A

-preservatives
-reagents

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7
Q

radioactive source- (2)

A

-equipment
-radioisotopes

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8
Q

radioactive possible injury-

A

exposure to radiation

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9
Q

electrical source- (2)

A

-underground or wet equipment
-frayed cords

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10
Q

electrical possible injury- (2)

A

-burns
-shock

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11
Q

fire/explosive source- (2)

A

-open flames
-organic chemicals

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12
Q

fire/explosive possible injury- (2)

A

-burns
-dismemberment

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13
Q

physical source- (3)

A

-wet floors
-heavy boxes
-patients

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14
Q

physical possible injury- (3)

A

-falls
-sprains
-strains

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15
Q

agencies involved in developing guidelines- (3)

A

-CDC- Center for Disease Control
-OSHA- Occupational Safety & Health Administration
-CLSI- Clinical Lab Standards Institute

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16
Q

infection control monitors-

A

infection in the facility

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17
Q

primary objective of biological safety is-

A

preventing completion of the chain of infection

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18
Q

biological chain of infection- (6)

A

-infectious agent
-reservoir
-portal of exit
-means of transmission
-portal of entry
-susceptible host

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19
Q

infectious agents- (4)

A

-bacteria
-fungi
-parasites
-viruses

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20
Q

reservoirs are locations of-

A

potentially harmful microorganisms

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21
Q

examples of potentially harmful microorganisms- (3)

A

-humans
-animals
-fomites

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22
Q

means of transmission- (5)

A

-airborne
-direct contact
-droplet
-vector
-vehicle

23
Q

portal of entry is often the same as-

A

portal of exit

24
Q

examples of portal of entry/exit- (3)

A

-mucous membranes of the nose, mouth, & eyes
-breaks in the skin
-open wounds

25
Q

susceptible host- (3)

A

-other patients
-visitors
-healthcare personnel

26
Q

Standard precautions- (10)

A

-hand hygiene
-gloves
-mouth, nose, & eye protection
-patient care equipment
-environmental control
-linen
-occupational health & blood-borne pathogens
-patient placement
-respiratory hygiene/cough etiquette

27
Q

hand hygiene standard precautions- (2)

A

-immediately after removing gloves
-between patient contacts

28
Q

gloves standard precautions- (5)

A

-blood
-body fluids
-secretions
-excretions
-contaminated items

29
Q

mouth, nose, & eye protection standard precautions- (3)

A

-mucous membrane protection
-sprays
-aerosols

30
Q

gown standard precautions-

A

appropriate when soiling of scrubs is imminent

31
Q

patient-care equipment standard precautions-

A

dispose or sterilize as per protocol

32
Q

environmental control standard precautions-

A

clean & disinfect surfaces

33
Q

linen standard precautions-

A

prevent exposure when handling

34
Q

occupational health & blood-borne pathogens standard precautions-

A

no recapping needles

35
Q

patient placement standard precautions-

A

isolation if needed

36
Q

respiratory hygiene/cough etiquette standard precautions-

A

prevent droplet & fomite transmission of respiratory pathogens

37
Q

laws are monitored & enforced by-

A

OSHA

38
Q

Occupational exposure to blood-borne pathogens standard controls are required by OSHA to be provided by or mandated by the employer for all employees- (3)

A

-engineering controls
-work practice controls
-personal protective equipment

39
Q

report Postexposure Prophylaxis (PEP) accidents-

A

immediately to supervisor

40
Q

prompt PEP testing of source patient & employee for- (3)

A

-HIV
-HBV
-HCV

41
Q

follow ____________ for management of exposures & recommended PEP-

A

CDC updated guidelines

42
Q

Personal Protective Equipment- (6)

A

-gloves
-latex allergy
-fluid-resistant lab coats
-face protection
-contaminated specimen
-foot protection

43
Q

gloves personal protection equipment-

A

not suitable for hand hygine

44
Q

glove type personal protection equipment- (3)

A

-sterile & non sterile
-latex & nonlatex
-powdered & non powdered

45
Q

latex allergies (2)-

A

-report any symptoms to supervisors; reactions can be fatal
-alternative nitrile or vinyl glove is recommended

46
Q

fluid resistant lab coats personal protection equipment- (6)

A

-perfect skin & clothing
-must be worn completely buttoned, gloves pulled over wrist cuffs
-wear when working with specimens, remove when leaving lab
-change when visibly soiled
-discard disposable as biohazards waste
-discard nondisposable in designated laundry bins

47
Q

face personal protection equipment- (5)

A

-goggles
-full face plastic shields
-plexiglas countertop shields
-splashes & aerosols caused by uncapping, pouring, transferring, & centrifuging
-never centrifuge uncapped specimens

48
Q

contaminated specimen container exteriors personal protection equipment- (2)

A

-disinfect exterior
-request new specimen as per protocol

49
Q

foot protocol personal protection equipment-

A

closed-toed & covers the entire foot

50
Q

hand contact is the primary method of-

A

infection transmission

51
Q

sanitize hands- (6)

A

-before patient contact
-after gloves are removed
-before leaving work area
-at any time when hands have been knowingly contaminated
-before going to designated break area
-before & after using bathroom facilities

52
Q

hand hygiene includes- (2)

A

-hand washing
-using alcohol based antiseptic cleansers

53
Q

CDC has developed hand washing guidelines to be-

A

followed for correct hand washing

54
Q

start back at slide 31

A

31

Urinalysis (7 decks)

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