Chapter 1 Flashcards
What is the definition of an OS system
An operating system (OS) is the chief software component of a computer system that manages both hardware and software resources. It controls files, devices, memory, and processing time, and governs system usage
The OS is composed of four key managers what are they?
Memory Manager
Processor Manager
Device Manager
File Manager
Network Manager
What does the Memory Manager do?
Manages RAM and ROM.
Checks validity and legality of memory space requests.
Reallocates and deallocates memory.
Protects OS memory space.
What does the Processor Manager do?
Allocates CPU resources.
Tracks and manages process statuses.
Reclaims CPU from finished processes and allocates to new ones.
Handles multiple CPUs (complex management).
What does the Device Manager do?
Connects and manages all hardware devices (printers, drives, etc.).
Chooses efficient resource allocation methods.
Identifies, starts, monitors, and deallocates devices.
Device Drivers: Software that allows the OS to interact with hardware devices.
What does the File Manager do?
Tracks and manages files (data, programs).
Enforces access and modification restrictions.
Allocates space on storage devices.
Efficiently retrieves files.
What does the Network Manager do?
Manages network resources (memory, CPU, devices).
Coordinates services for cohesive multiple system operation.
What are the types of Memory?
RAM: Requires constant power; volatile.
ROM: Non-volatile; holds firmware for initial system boot.
User Interface
Graphical User Interface (GUI): Uses visual elements like icons and menus.
Command Line Interface (CLI): Requires typed commands with correct syntax.
Cloud Computing
Manages local resources and coordinates data transfer to/from the cloud
Components of Computer Hardware
Main Memory(RAM)
Central Processing Unit(CPU) Executes instructions and manages operations.
Input/Output devices(printers, storage drives, keyboards)
Types of Operating Systems
Batch Systems
Interactive Systems
Real-Time Systems
Hybrid Systems
Embedded Systems
Batch Systems
Jobs Processed in sequence, measured by throughput
Interactive Systems
Allow multiple jobs with faster turnaround, used for debugging
Real-Time Systems
Provide immediate response, used for time-sensitive applications.
