Chapter 1 Flashcards
The scientific study of life is known as
Biology
What is Homeostasis?
The maintenance of normal internal conditions in a cell or an organism.
Plants and some other organisms capture the energy of the sun through a process called
Photosynthesis
What is a characteristic of life?
Responsiveness
Multicellular organisms reproduce when they combine a sperm and a ___
Egg
Photosynthesis is a process that transforms ___ energy into ___ energy in the form of nutrient molecules.
Solar
Chemical
The maintenance of normal internal conditions in a cell or an organism is called
Homeostasis
According to the evolutionary tree, the taxonomic group ___ are most closely related to animals.
Fungi (Fungus)
Swimming to a food source is an example of an organisms ___
Responsiveness
The mechanism of evolution that causes a population to become better adapted to its environment is called ___ ___
Natural Selection
The ability of an organism to make a copy of itself is called ___
Reproduction
The branch of biology concerned with identifying, describing, and naming organisms is called ___
Taxonomy
Biology studies the diversity of life, and its unifying characteristics, which include:
Ability to acquire materials and energy
Levels of organization
Ability to adapt and evolve to changing conditions
Ability to maintain an internal environment
Ability to reproduce and develop
Ability to respond to stimuli
An evolutionary adaptation suits an organism to its ___
Environment
The science of classifying organisms according to their presumed evolutionary relationships is called ___
Systematics
A(n) ___ tree traces the ancestry of life on Earth to a common ancestor.
Evolutionary
Which factors are components of natural selection?
Environmental change
Population changing in response to the environment
Most scientific names are based on which language?
Latin
The field of science that uses certain rules to identify organisms is called ___
Taxonomy
As a way of finding order in the natural world, scientific studies such as biology differ from other ways such as aesthetics by their
Process
Evolutionary relationships that are uncovered through systematics sometimes bring about changes in the taxonomy of a given organism?
True or False
True
If new evolutionary relationships are discovered, how the organisms is classified, and therefore its taxonomy, may change.
The two-part name of species, designating is genus and specific epithet, is called its ___ name.
Binomial
Which of the following would be studied under the field of Biology?
- the sun
- cells
- life
- animals
Cells, life, animals
A formal way of watching the natural world is called ___
Observation
Penicillin is an antibacterial substance produced by a ___
Mold
Penicillin is an antibacterial substance produced by a ___
Mold
The modern classification scheme uses # ___ terms to identify a species with its scientific name.
2 terms
When scientist are trying to determine if a hypothesis is accurate or not, they will design a scientific ___
Experiment
While on a research trip to the rainforest, you discover a new species of frog. Which field of science will help you classify and name this new species?
Taxonomy
Which of the following refer to the conclusion reached following a single scientific experiment?
- Can lead to the development of a new hypothesis
- Relates to the original hypothesis
- Almost always supports the hypothesis
- Generally leads to a new theory
Can lead to the development of a new hypothesis
Relates to the original hypothesis
Which of these has the support of an overwhelming number of scientists?
- principle or law
- hypothesis
- scientific theory
Principle or law
Which of the following do scientist use to make observations?
- their sense of touch
- their sense of hearing
- an accurate guess
Their sense of touch
Their sense of hearing
Penicillin is used to prevent and cure ___ infections.
Bacterial
What do scientist need to test their hypothesis?
A well defined experiment
Which of the following problems would be most logically tested using an experiment?
- the opinions of shoppers about the scent of a new perfume
- the behavior of toddlers when introduced to a new toy
- the effectiveness of antibiotic A or B against a bacterium linked to a disease
The effectiveness of a antibiotic A or B against a bacterium linked to a disease
The statement made following an experiment as to whether or not a hypothesis is supported is called a ___
Conclusion
Which of the following has more support in the scientific community?
- theory
- principle
- hypothesis
Principle
Scientist report their findings to other scientists by publishing them in scientific ___
Journals
What was the most significant component in the discovery of penicillin?
Chance
The application of scientific knowledge for a practical purpose is called ___
Technology
When following the scientific method, what step comes after you have run your experiment and collected your data?
Conclusion
An increase in the amount of the element ___ in the atmosphere is the primary cause of global warming
Carbon
Which group of organisms is not included within the 8.7 million species estimated to be on earth?
Bacteria
Penicillin is an antibacterial substance produced by a ___
Mold
Identify all of the following items that are the result of developments in technology
- smart phones
- self driving cars
- pesticides
- hurricanes
Smart phones
Self driving cars
Pesticides
Atmospheric CO2, has risen from 280 parts per million in 1850 to over ___ ppm today.
418 ppm
What qualifies a disease as a remerging disease instead of a emerging disease?
It is known to science but generally has a low level of incidence in humans.
How many species are believed to exist on earth?
8.7 million
Technological advances are often due to
Scientific investigation
A reemerging disease
- is only a concern in countries that do not vaccinate
- has caused a disease in humans, but has been relatively rare in human populations
- has been known for centuries but it does not cause disease in humans
Has caused a disease in humans, but has been relatively rare in human populations
What term is used for organisms that utilize photosynthesis
Producer
Sweating during exercise is done so our body can maintain ___
Homeostasis
A modification in structure, function, or behavior in an organisms that suits that organism is called a(n) ___
Adaptation
Natural selection is based on how a population changes in response to its ___
Environment
Which of the following currently contribute to climate change and global warming?
- emerging diseases
- increase in biodiversity
- destruction of forests
- burning fossil fuels
Destruction of forests
Burning fossil fuels
