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Bio 108 > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

The scientific study of life is known as

A

Biology

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2
Q

What is Homeostasis?

A

The maintenance of normal internal conditions in a cell or an organism.

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3
Q

Plants and some other organisms capture the energy of the sun through a process called

A

Photosynthesis

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4
Q

What is a characteristic of life?

A

Responsiveness

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5
Q

Multicellular organisms reproduce when they combine a sperm and a ___

A

Egg

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6
Q

Photosynthesis is a process that transforms ___ energy into ___ energy in the form of nutrient molecules.

A

Solar

Chemical

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7
Q

The maintenance of normal internal conditions in a cell or an organism is called

A

Homeostasis

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8
Q

According to the evolutionary tree, the taxonomic group ___ are most closely related to animals.

A

Fungi (Fungus)

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9
Q

Swimming to a food source is an example of an organisms ___

A

Responsiveness

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10
Q

The mechanism of evolution that causes a population to become better adapted to its environment is called ___ ___

A

Natural Selection

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11
Q

The ability of an organism to make a copy of itself is called ___

A

Reproduction

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12
Q

The branch of biology concerned with identifying, describing, and naming organisms is called ___

A

Taxonomy

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13
Q

Biology studies the diversity of life, and its unifying characteristics, which include:

A

Ability to acquire materials and energy
Levels of organization
Ability to adapt and evolve to changing conditions
Ability to maintain an internal environment
Ability to reproduce and develop
Ability to respond to stimuli

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14
Q

An evolutionary adaptation suits an organism to its ___

A

Environment

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15
Q

The science of classifying organisms according to their presumed evolutionary relationships is called ___

A

Systematics

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16
Q

A(n) ___ tree traces the ancestry of life on Earth to a common ancestor.

A

Evolutionary

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17
Q

Which factors are components of natural selection?

A

Environmental change

Population changing in response to the environment

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18
Q

Most scientific names are based on which language?

A

Latin

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19
Q

The field of science that uses certain rules to identify organisms is called ___

A

Taxonomy

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20
Q

As a way of finding order in the natural world, scientific studies such as biology differ from other ways such as aesthetics by their

A

Process

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21
Q

Evolutionary relationships that are uncovered through systematics sometimes bring about changes in the taxonomy of a given organism?

True or False

A

True

If new evolutionary relationships are discovered, how the organisms is classified, and therefore its taxonomy, may change.

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22
Q

The two-part name of species, designating is genus and specific epithet, is called its ___ name.

A

Binomial

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23
Q

Which of the following would be studied under the field of Biology?

  • the sun
  • cells
  • life
  • animals
A

Cells, life, animals

24
Q

A formal way of watching the natural world is called ___

A

Observation

25
Q

Penicillin is an antibacterial substance produced by a ___

A

Mold

26
Q

Penicillin is an antibacterial substance produced by a ___

A

Mold

27
Q

The modern classification scheme uses # ___ terms to identify a species with its scientific name.

A

2 terms

28
Q

When scientist are trying to determine if a hypothesis is accurate or not, they will design a scientific ___

A

Experiment

29
Q

While on a research trip to the rainforest, you discover a new species of frog. Which field of science will help you classify and name this new species?

A

Taxonomy

30
Q

Which of the following refer to the conclusion reached following a single scientific experiment?

  • Can lead to the development of a new hypothesis
  • Relates to the original hypothesis
  • Almost always supports the hypothesis
  • Generally leads to a new theory
A

Can lead to the development of a new hypothesis

Relates to the original hypothesis

31
Q

Which of these has the support of an overwhelming number of scientists?

  • principle or law
  • hypothesis
  • scientific theory
A

Principle or law

32
Q

Which of the following do scientist use to make observations?

  • their sense of touch
  • their sense of hearing
  • an accurate guess
A

Their sense of touch
Their sense of hearing

33
Q

Penicillin is used to prevent and cure ___ infections.

A

Bacterial

34
Q

What do scientist need to test their hypothesis?

A

A well defined experiment

35
Q

Which of the following problems would be most logically tested using an experiment?

  • the opinions of shoppers about the scent of a new perfume
  • the behavior of toddlers when introduced to a new toy
  • the effectiveness of antibiotic A or B against a bacterium linked to a disease
A

The effectiveness of a antibiotic A or B against a bacterium linked to a disease

36
Q

The statement made following an experiment as to whether or not a hypothesis is supported is called a ___

A

Conclusion

37
Q

Which of the following has more support in the scientific community?

  • theory
  • principle
  • hypothesis
A

Principle

38
Q

Scientist report their findings to other scientists by publishing them in scientific ___

A

Journals

39
Q

What was the most significant component in the discovery of penicillin?

A

Chance

40
Q

The application of scientific knowledge for a practical purpose is called ___

A

Technology

41
Q

When following the scientific method, what step comes after you have run your experiment and collected your data?

A

Conclusion

42
Q

An increase in the amount of the element ___ in the atmosphere is the primary cause of global warming

A

Carbon

43
Q

Which group of organisms is not included within the 8.7 million species estimated to be on earth?

A

Bacteria

44
Q

Penicillin is an antibacterial substance produced by a ___

A

Mold

45
Q

Identify all of the following items that are the result of developments in technology

  • smart phones
  • self driving cars
  • pesticides
  • hurricanes
A

Smart phones
Self driving cars
Pesticides

46
Q

Atmospheric CO2, has risen from 280 parts per million in 1850 to over ___ ppm today.

A

418 ppm

47
Q

What qualifies a disease as a remerging disease instead of a emerging disease?

A

It is known to science but generally has a low level of incidence in humans.

48
Q

How many species are believed to exist on earth?

A

8.7 million

49
Q

Technological advances are often due to

A

Scientific investigation

50
Q

A reemerging disease

  • is only a concern in countries that do not vaccinate
  • has caused a disease in humans, but has been relatively rare in human populations
  • has been known for centuries but it does not cause disease in humans
A

Has caused a disease in humans, but has been relatively rare in human populations

51
Q

What term is used for organisms that utilize photosynthesis

A

Producer

52
Q

Sweating during exercise is done so our body can maintain ___

A

Homeostasis

53
Q

A modification in structure, function, or behavior in an organisms that suits that organism is called a(n) ___

A

Adaptation

54
Q

Natural selection is based on how a population changes in response to its ___

A

Environment

55
Q

Which of the following currently contribute to climate change and global warming?

  • emerging diseases
  • increase in biodiversity
  • destruction of forests
  • burning fossil fuels
A

Destruction of forests
Burning fossil fuels

Bio 108 (1 decks)

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