Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Classics in Animal Behavior - BIOL 140 > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Inherited trade or behavioral disposition that provides fitness advantages in some way

A

Adaptation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Love of living things

A

Biophilia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The study of animal behavior in natural or semi natural settings

A

Ethology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Conducted numerous laboratory investigations of animal behavior

A

Comparative Psychologists

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

The study of the relationship between ecology and behavioral patterns

A

Behavioral Ecology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

An evolutionary approach to understanding social behavior

A

Sociobiology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Social scientists interested in the evolution of human behavior

A

Evolutionary Psychologists

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Only animals well equipped to survive and reproduce will pass on their inherited traits

A

Theory of natural selection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Some animals are more likely to survive and reproduce successfully than others

A

Fitness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

An inherited trait or behavioral disposition that provides fitness advantages in some way

A

Adaptation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The remnant of a structure that was useful at an earlier time in the evolutionary history of the species

A

Vestigial structure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

When a trend nears its limit, the animal is said to be highly evolved in regard to the mechanism or behavior in question

A

Specialized

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

An animal that has not developed significant evolutionary trends is said to be

A

Ancestral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

When a group of animals enters a hospitable are in which there are few if any competing animals, they tend to evolve rapidly in several different directions and fill each available niche

A

Adaptive Radiation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Habitat and role within that habitat

A

Niche

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Animals that start out as similar become more distinct over a period of many generations as they live in very different niches

A

Divergence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Animals that are very different fill niches that are similar, or starting out as dissimilar and becoming more similar

A

Convergence

18
Q

A type of natural selection that emphasizes traits associated with reproductive success

A

Sexual Selection

19
Q

The difference in morphology - which is reflected in such things as size, color, or the presence of ornamentation

A

Sexual dimorphism

20
Q

Few males mate with many females while other males do not mate at all

A

Polygynous

21
Q

Systems that feature one male mating exclusively with one female

A

Monogamous

22
Q

Animals can gain fitness by behaving in ways that facilitate the survival and reproduction of their close relatives

A

Theory of kin selection

23
Q

Passing on copies of one’s genes by parenting offspring that survive and reproduce

A

Direct fitness

24
Q

Animals must also benefit from the successful reproduction of close relatives who are not direct descendants

A

Indirect fitness

25
Q

The sum of direct and indirect fitness

A

Inclusive fitness

26
Q

There must be a selective advantage for individual animals if evolution is to occur

A

Individual level of selection hypothesis

27
Q

A pattern of behavior that provides optimal solutions to problems presumably reflects a set of rules

A

Strategy

28
Q

Proposes that there has been a natural selection process for efficiency in regard to virtually all behaviors

A

Optimal theory

29
Q

Other members of the same species

A

Conspecifics

30
Q

Explain how animals develop a strategy that considers competitors’ behaviors

A

Game Theory

31
Q

Strategy that is so effective that it is not likely to be replaced by an alternative strategy unless conditions change drastically

A

Evolutionarily stable strategy

32
Q

A tendency to employ more than one strategy

A

Mixed evolutionarily stable strategy

33
Q

Optimality theory applied to the development of reproductive strategies - in the long run, animals reach a balance that maximizes the probability of producing a large number of offspring that survive to reproductive age.

A

Theory of parental investment

34
Q

Concerned with the immediate causes of behavior

A

Proximate questions

35
Q

Concerned with causes less closely related in time - often beginning with “why”

A

Ultimate questions

36
Q

Species classified within the family of humans

A

Hominids

37
Q

Accounted for the evolution of a tendency to help relatives

A

Theory of kin selection

38
Q

Indicated the need for selection to take place at an individual rather than a group level

A

Theory of natural selection at the individual level

39
Q

Emphasized the importance of cost-benefit rations in natural selection

A

Optimality theory

40
Q

Applied game theory to the evolution of behavioral strategies and introduced the concept of evolutionarily stable strategies

A

Game theory

41
Q

Applied optimality theory to an analysis of reproductive strategies

A

Theory of parental investment

Classics in Animal Behavior - BIOL 140 (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions