Chapter 1 Flashcards
It is a systematized body of knowledge
Science
A branch of science that deals with the physical world e.g., physics, chemistry, biology, geology, and earth sciences
Natural science
- is the application of the scientific method and scientific knowledge to attain practical goals. It includes a broad range of disciplines, such as engineering, technology or inventions, and medicine.
Applied science
is defined as those academic disciplines that derive new knowledge from scientific experiments. The conclusion of these experiments may actually describe new scientific principles or better explain (or disprove) current scientific theory.
Pure science
•the science of the application of knowledge to practical purposes.
Technology
What is the greek word for technology?
Tekhnologia
- was the transition from creating goods by hand to using machines.
- limited to big companies that can afford expensive technologies.
Industrial age or industrial revolution
a time period in which people could access information and knowledge easily.
Information age or digital age
a system that uses technical means to transmit information or data from one place or person to another (e.g. wireless Bluetooth handset, cell phones, etc.).
Community technology
advanced methods and - equipment used to build basic and complex structures (tractors, computer-aided design softwares).
Construction technology
used by people with disabilities to accomplish tasks that are difficult or impossible to perform (off-road wheelchair, Braille).
Assistive technology
- used to improve and extend human life.
Medical, beauty, and fashion technology
- a set of software or hardware tools used to store, transfer, and process information.
Information Technology
a set of technological tools to create entertainment experience through video, sound, animation, scenery fabrication, computer simulation, or interactive environment.
Entertainment technology
used to run a business and enhance various business operations.
Business technology
aims at improving a student’s performance by creating and managing various technological processes and resources in or out of the classroom.
Educational technology
used to make travels quicker and faster through:
a. land transportation
b. air transportation
c. water transportation
Transportation technology
uses sophisticated technologies such as robots, temperature and moisture sensors, aerial images, and GPS technology.
Food and agriculture technology
- range of weapons, equipment, structures, and vehicles used specifically for the purpose of warfare.
Warfare technology
•a grouping of individuals characterized by common interest and distinctive culture, institution, ethnicity, religion, benevolence, scientific purpose, politics, and other united goals.
Society
Latin word of society meaning friendly
Societas
Latin word of society meaning ally
Socius
Latin word of society meaning civil
Socialis
A type of socities that used human and animal labor.
Pre industrial societies
collected wild plants and animals for food.
Hunter and gatherer
relied on domesticated herd animals, nomadic, but learned to divide labors.
Pastoral
relied on domesticated herd animals, nomadic, but learned to divide labors.
Pastoral
grew fruits and vegetables in garden plots.
Horticulturist
used advanced agricultural technologies to cultivate crops.
Agrarian
based on ownership of lands, existence of landlords.
Feudal
- between 15th and 16th centuries, replaced feudalism.
-marked by capitalism
-use of power sources (such as coal, oil, and natural gas) and machines to produce goods, as well as that most people work in factories or offices.
Industrial societies
open competition in a free market
Capitalism
- dominated by information, services, and high technologies more than the production of goods.
- one that has transitioned from an economy of goods to an economy of services and has increased the rate of innovation and invention of new technologies and explored their applications.
Post-Industrial Societies
is the study of how social, political, and cultural values affect scientific research and technological innovation, and how these, in turn affect society.
Science, technology and society
It was the network that ultimately evolved into what we now know as the Internet.
- Its main use was for academic and research purposes.
ARPANET (Advanced Research Projects Agency Network)
-The invention of nuclear weapons in 1945. The nuclear bombing in Hiroshima and Nagasaki that caused deaths of many people.
-Toxic wastes produced by manufacturing companies that threaten human survival and stability of the environment.
Threats to human survival
Exploitation of advanced scientific knowledge, technological devices and systems gave rise to situations in which advances seem to have turned against their beneficiaries, creating ethical dilemmas.
Ethical dillemas
- There are advanced countries enjoying Science and Technology and hold high esteem in contemporary society (economic strength), versus millions of people in less developed countries who have not partaken in these benefits.
Inequalities in human well being
Military power is vital for national security of many governments.
-Superior and highly technical weapons dictated the outcomes of some recent wars.
Social and cultural conflicts
First country that is known for pottery
Japan
