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Chem 111 > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

accuracy

A

how closely a measurement aligns with a correct value

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2
Q

atom

A

smallest particle of an element that can enter into a chemical combination

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3
Q

Celsius

A

unit of temperature; water freezes at 0 degrees and boils at 100 degrees on this scale

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4
Q

chemical change

A

change producing a different
kind of matter from the original kind of matter

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5
Q

chemical property

A

behavior that is related to the
change of one kind of matter into another kind of matter

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6
Q

chemistry

A

study of the composition, properties,
and interactions of matter

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7
Q

compound

A

pure substance that can be
decomposed into two or more elements

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8
Q

cubic centimeter

A

volume of a cube with an edge length of exactly 1 cm

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9
Q

cubic meter

A

SI unit of volume

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10
Q

density

A

ratio of mass to volume for a substance or
object

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11
Q

element

A

substance that is composed of a single
type of atom; a substance that cannot be
decomposed by a chemical change

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12
Q

exact number

A

number derived by counting or by
definition

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13
Q

extensive property

A

property of a substance that
depends on the amount of the substance

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14
Q

Fahrenheit

A

unit of temperature; water freezes at
32 °F and boils at 212 °F on this scale

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15
Q

gas

A

state in which matter has neither definite
volume nor shape

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16
Q

heterogeneous mixture

A

combination of substances with a composition that varies from
point to point

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17
Q

homogeneous mixture

A

(also, solution) combination of substances with a composition that is uniform throughout

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18
Q

hypothesis

A

tentative explanation of observations
that acts as a guide for gathering and checking information

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19
Q

intensive property

A

property of a substance that is
independent of the amount of the substance

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20
Q

kelvin (K)

A

SI Unit of Temperature

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21
Q

kilogram (kg)

A

SI Unit of Mass

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22
Q

law

A

statement that summarizes a vast number of experimental observations, and describes or predicts some aspect of the natural world

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23
Q

law of conservation of matter

A

when matter converts from one type to another or changes form, there is no detectable change in the total
amount of matter present

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24
Q

length

A

measure of one dimension of an object

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25
Q

liquid

A

state of matter that has a definite volume but indefinite shape

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26
Q

liter (L)

A

(also, cubic decimeter) unit of volume; 1 L
= 1,000 cm3

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27
Q

macroscopic domain

A

realm of everyday things
that are large enough to sense directly by human sight and touch

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28
Q

mass

A

fundamental property indicating amount of
matter

29
Q

matter

A

anything that occupies space and has mass

30
Q

meter (m)

A

standard metric and SI unit of length

31
Q

microscopic domain

A

realm of things that are
much too small to be sensed directly

32
Q

milliliter (mL)

A

1/1,000 of a liter; equal to 1 cm3

33
Q

mixture

A

matter that can be separated into its components by physical means

34
Q

molecule

A

bonded collection of two or more atoms
of the same or different elements

35
Q

physical change

A

change in the state or properties
of matter that does not involve a change in its chemical composition

36
Q

physical property

A

characteristic of matter that is
not associated with any change in its chemical composition

37
Q

plasma

A

gaseous state of matter containing a large
number of electrically charged atoms and/or molecules

38
Q

precision

A

how closely a measurement matches the
same measurement when repeated

39
Q

scientific method

A

path of discovery that leads
from question and observation to law or
hypothesis to theory, combined with
experimental verification of the hypothesis and any necessary modification of the theory

40
Q

second (s)

A

SI unit of time

41
Q

SI Unit

A

standard units

42
Q

solid

A

state of matter that is rigid, has a definite
shape, and has a fairly constant volume

43
Q

symbolic domain

A

specialized language used to
represent components of the macroscopic and microscopic domains, such as chemical symbols, chemical formulas, chemical equations, graphs, drawings, and calculations

44
Q

temperature

A

intensive property representing the
hotness or coldness of matter

45
Q

theory

A

well-substantiated, comprehensive,
testable explanation of a particular aspect of nature

46
Q

uncertainty

A

estimate of amount by which
measurement differs from true value

47
Q

unit

A

standard of comparison for measurements

48
Q

unit conversion factor

A

ratio of equivalent
quantities expressed with different units; used to convert from one unit to a different unit

49
Q

volume

A

amount of space occupied by an object

50
Q

weight

A

force that gravity exerts on an object

51
Q

density equation

A

density = mass/volume

52
Q

Convert Fahrenheit to Celsius

A

Celsius Temperature = 5/9 * (Fahrenheit Temperature - 32)

53
Q

Convert Celsius to Fahrenheit

A

Fahrenheit Temperature = (9/5 * celsius temperature) + 32

54
Q

Convert Celsius to Kelvin

A

Kelvin Temperature = Celsius Temperature + 273.15

55
Q

femto

A

10^-15

56
Q

pico

A

10^-12

57
Q

nano

A

10^-9

58
Q

micro

A

10^-6

59
Q

milli

A

10^-3

60
Q

centi

A

10^-2

61
Q

deci

A

10^-1

62
Q

kilo

A

10^3

63
Q

mega

A

10^6

64
Q

giga

A

10^9

65
Q

tera

A

10^12

66
Q

1 dm^3 is equal to

A

1 Liter

67
Q

1 cm^3 is equal to

A

1 Milliliter

68
Q

pure substance

A

homogeneous SUBSTANCE (NOT MIXTURE) that has a constant composition (can be element or compound)

Chem 111 (4 decks)

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