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DC Psych Test 1 > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

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GRE® Psychology flashcards Psychology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is Psychology?

A

The scientific study of behavior and mental process

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2
Q

Clinical Psychologist

A

diagnose and treat people with mental struggles (ex: therapist)

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3
Q

William James

A

First UNITED STATES psychologist
-believed that psychology should look at function and not just structure
-thought psychology should explain how people adapt or fail

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4
Q

Wilhelm Wundt

A

The first psychologist
-father of experimental psychology (first)
- founded the first formal laboratory for psychological research

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5
Q

Sigmund Freund

A

Founder of psychology
-thought behavior came from unconscious drives conflicts and experience that we have not have thought of due to REPRESSING the TRAUMATIC event

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6
Q

Gestalt psychology

A

that the whole of anything is greater than its parts. That is, the attributes of the whole are not deducible from analysis of the parts in isolation.

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7
Q

Behaviorism

A

our actions in the environment stimuli, rather than in inner mental process
-we learn thorough reward, punish, observing

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8
Q

Why is behaviorism important

A

laid the groundwork for understanding how we learn (ex: parenting techniques, teaching standards)

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9
Q

Humanistic Psych

A

emphasizes ability, growth, potential, free will

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10
Q

Cognitive view

A

our actions are a direct result of the way we process information (ex: thoughts, expectation, perception)

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11
Q

cognitive shifted psychology focus back to mind

A

focusing on the internal mental processes driving human behavior

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12
Q

Diversity and foci

A

considers how individuals’ thoughts, feelings, and behavior are intertwined with their diverse social environments.

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13
Q

career options outside of academic setting

A

social worker, therapist, psychologist

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13
Q

educational requirements for careers in academic setting

A

Psychologist
-Doctorate degree
-4-6 years of school
-Doesn’t prescribe meds

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14
Q

merits of an education in psychology

A

gain a deeper understanding of how humans develop relationships and resolve complex issues through psychology course topics like development in different life stages

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15
Q

applied psychology

A

the knowledge developed by experimental psychologist to address human needs (ex: doctor, therapist)

16
Q

Biological View

A

how our physical make up and the operation of our brains influence
-HEREDITARY AND GENETIC

17
Q

Psychodynamic

A

the part of our brain we are unaware of
-suggest we are motivated by the energy of irrational desires generated in our unconscious minds

18
Q

Experiment

A

the researcher controls and manipulates the condition including the independent variable

19
Q

Ex post facto study

A

research in which we choose subjects based on preexisting condition (ex:cancer research)

20
Q

correlation study

A

researchers try to show the RELATIONSHIP between the two variables
-largely statistics based

21
Q

survey

A

questions are asked to subjects who report their own answers

22
Q

naturalistic observation

A
23
Q

longitudinal study

A

one group of study is studied for a long time to observe long term

24
Q

cross-sectional study

A

look at cross section of the population and study studies them at one point in time

25
Q

cohort sequential

A

use to cut down time and expense

26
Q

socioculture

A

emphasizes importance of social interaction social learning and cultural perspective

27
Q

evolutionary

A

view of psychology looks at natural individuals behaviors through a lens of natural selection

28
Q

falsifiable

A

is the possibility that an assertion can be shown fake by an observation or experiment. That something is “falsifiable” does not mean it is false; rather, if it is false then this can be shown by observation or experiment

29
Q

observational device

A

a specific description of the concepts involving the scientific study
-“to be measured”

30
Q

independent variable

A

stimulus condition that the experimenter changes independently of all other carefully controlled condition
-STIMULUS OR CAUSE

31
Q

dependent variable

A

measured outcome of a study or the responses of the subject in the study
-RESPONSE OR EFFECT

32
Q

confounding variable

A

have unwanted influence on the outcome of an experiment

33
Q

random selection

A

everyone has an equal chance being chosen for the experiment (ex: picking from hat)

34
Q

personal bias

A

when the researcher allows his or her personal beliefs affect the study

35
Q

double-blind study

A

both subject and person administrating doesn’t know the independent variable of the study

36
Q

random sample

A

selected by chance or without biased selection techniques

37
Q

representative sample

A

age, sex, ethnicity, education

38
Q

explanation of psychology

A

why people behave the way they do

DC Psych Test 1 (2 decks)

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