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Audiology > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is a hearing disorder?

A

A disturbance of the function of hearing

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2
Q

What is a communication disorder?

A

Impairment resulting from a speech, language, hearing disorder

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3
Q

What is electrophysiologic?

A

Refers to measuring the electrical activity of the brain and the body

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4
Q

What is the middle ear

A

The portion of the ear from the tympanic membrane (eardrum) to the oval window

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5
Q

What does the inner ear contain?

A

The inner ear contains the sensory organs of the ear

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6
Q

Central auditory nervous system

A

The portion of the hearing mechanism from the auditory nerve to the auditory cortex

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7
Q

What is the vestibular system

A

A biological system that, in conjunction with vision and proprioception functions to maintain balance and equilibrium

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8
Q

What are behavioral measures?

A

Pertains to the observation of the activity of a person in response to some stimuli

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9
Q

What is the peripheral auditory nervous system?

A

Nerve endings in the inner ear and the VIIIth nerve

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10
Q

What is hearing sensitivity

A

The ability of the ear to hear a faint sound

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11
Q

What is a cochlear implant?

A

A device that is implanted in the inner ear to provide hearing for individuals with severe-to-profound hearing loss

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12
Q

What is a neural system?

A

A system containing nerve cells
In the case of the ear the VIIIth cranial nerve and auditory nerve

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13
Q

What is severe-to-profound hearing loss

A

A hearing loss of 70 dB HL or greater

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14
Q

What is auditory training?

A

Rehabilitation method designed to train people to use their remaining hearing

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15
Q

Prosthetic device

A

Assists or rep;laces a missing or dysfunctional system

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16
Q

What is multimodality sensory evoked potentials

A

Collective term used to describe the measurement of electrical activity of the ears, eyes, and other systems of the body
Commonly used in operating rooms

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17
Q

Otoscope

A

Instrument used to visually examine the ear canal and eardrum

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18
Q

Videonystagmography/electronystagmography

A

Measures eye movements to assess vestibular (balance) function

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19
Q

What is audiology

A

The clinical profession that is dedicated to:
Evaluation of hearing ability
Treatment of impairment that results from hearing disorders

20
Q

Mission of audiology

A

Prevention of hearing loss
Diagnosis
Treatment of communication disorders that may result from hearing loss

21
Q

Scope of practice

A

Also those related to balance particularly those involving the vestibular system
Tinnitus management and diagnosis
Educational - dealing with children w/hearing loss in school so have level playing field
Hearing conservation education\Research
Hearing evaluation
Newborn hearing screening
Otoscopy
Recommending hearing devices

22
Q

AUD requirements

A

-Masters until 2012 now Doctorate
-4 year
-1870 clinical hours
-Pass the PRAXIS
-Certification CCC-A or with AAA
-State license

23
Q

Audiologic Questions

A

-hearing loss?
-extent of loss
-is dysfunction symptom of underlying medical disorder
-is loss causing impairment in communication ability
-can impairment be overcome with a device
-technology needs

24
Q

Where do audiologists practice?

A

Private practice
Physician’s practice
Hospitals and medical centers
Hearing and speech clinics
Schools
Universities
Hearing instrumentation manufacturers
Industry
Cancer treatment centers - ototoxicity dealing with cochlea

25
Q

Percentage of practice

A

Private Practice - 26%
Hospital/Clinic-26%
ENT/Physician - 25%
University - 8%
Government/VA-7%
Industry-6%
Schools-4%

26
Q

Work with other professions

A

Otolaryngology-ENT
Otologists
Neurologists
Ototoxicity monitoring
Non-audiologist hearing aid dispensers
SLP
Geriatric specialists
Teachers
Psychologists

27
Q

Evolution of Audiology

A

Academic discipline to health care profession
Communication disorders to hearing profession
Teacher training model to healthcare care model of education
Certification to licensure

28
Q

Evolution of academic discipline to healthcare professional

A

Going from masters level to AuD caused that evolution
Academic roots were in communication sciences and disorders discipline
Change occurred 1980’s-90’s and then Findlay the AuD in the 21st century

29
Q

Evolution from communication disorders to hearing professionals

A

In the 1980’s divergence of 2 distinct clinical professions became apparent: SLP and AuD

30
Q

Evolution from teacher training model to health care model of education

A

Most important and far reaching development when went to doctoral level
Model of education provides 2 tracks: professional studies and research studies

31
Q

Evolution from certification to licensure model

A

Defining right and privilege to practice as a medical professional
Makes it an autonomous profession

32
Q

When did audiology as an academic discipline begin?

A

1950’s
1958 first textbook written by Hayes Newby
1960’s James Jerger ushered in the concept of diagnostic audiology
1980’s American Academy of Audiology is founded

33
Q

Audiology as a clinical profession

A

1970’[s and beyond due to major technological advances
Enhanced diagnostic and treatment efforts
Discovery of auditory brainstem
Hearing devices were declared to be medical devices

34
Q

What does assessment include?

A

Administration and interpretation of:
Behavioral
Electroacoustic
Electrophysciologic measures of the function of the:
Peripheral and central auditory nervous systems

35
Q

What does evaluation include?

A

Assessment of type and extent of hearing loss
Medically treated, surgery or drugs

36
Q

Evaluation and fitting of amplification devices

A

Includes hearing aids and hearing assistive technologies
AuD determines patient candidacy
Takes ear impressions
Provides counseling regarding use
Monitor progress

37
Q

What is auditory brainstem response

A

Measures electrical activity of the brain in response to sound
Provides an objective assessment of hearing ability
Evaluates neural elements of VIIIth crainial nerve and the auditory brainstem

38
Q

Physician’s practices duties

A

Strongly oriented to diagnostic side
Hearing aid and implant services

39
Q

Audiology vs Otology

A

Oto-ear disease vs. AuS hearing impairment and communication disorders from hearing loss

40
Q

Hearing aid dispensary

A

Need to be 18
Pass a test

41
Q

Who is CC Bunch

A

Instrumental in developing clinical pure-tone audiometry

42
Q

Audiology Beginnings

A

CC Bunch
Army established 3 aural rehabilitation centers in 1940’s
Raymond Carhart developed protocol for the fitting and evaluation of hearing aids that became model for clinical practice
He developed a graduate training program post WWII

43
Q

Who is Grant Fairbanks’s

A

Established a model for training hearing scientist

44
Q

Who is William Hardy

A

Pioneered pediatric hearing testing

45
Q

What is otoacoustic emissions (OAE)

A

Measureable sounds emitted by the normal cochlea, which are related to the function of the outer hair cells

Audiology (2 decks)

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