Chapter 1 Flashcards
What is statistics
The science of extracting information from data (I.e making sense of data)
What are the aspects of statistics?
- Collecting data
- Summarizing and representing data (descriptive statistics)
- Drawing conclusions from data ( statistical inference)
What is descriptive statistics ?
Graphical and tabular methods used to summarize and order data
What is statistical inference ?
Methods used to make conclusions about a population from sample data
How is data obtained?
By means of measurement
What is measurement?
It involves the process of assigning a numeral value to a property of an observed element
What are discrete variables?
When the possible value that a variable can take on are clearly distinguishable and disconnected from one another
What are discrete variables ?
When the possible values that a variable can take on are clearly distinguishable and disconnected from one another
What are continuous variables ?
When the possible values a variable can take on are not clearly distinguishable
What the two types of scales under Qualitative variable
-Nominal scale
-Ordinal scale
Qualitative data is non-numerical
What is a nominal scale ?
When the values of the variable only indicate classes or categories
- data is not numerical(qualitative)
What is an ordinal scale ?
When the values have an order associated with the categories
- non-numerical (qualitative or alphabetical )
What are the two types of scale under quantitative variable?
- Interval scale
- Ratio scale
Quantitative data is numerical
What is an interval scale ?
When the values have the same properties as those of the ordinal scale but the meaning has now been attached to the differences between the values
- 0 does not mean the absence of that thing
What is a Ratio scale ?
When the values have the same property as those of the interval scale but now ratios can be meaningfully interpreted
