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Internet Technology > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Networks

A

Collection of devices, routers, links.

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2
Q

Network protocols

A

Computers rather than humans

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3
Q

Access Network

A

Network that connect the edge device into the first hop router, into the larger internet

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4
Q

Transmission Rate

A

How fast a network is

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5
Q

Cable Access Network

A

A physical cable connecting multiple homes to a single cable head.

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6
Q

Bit

A

Propagates between transmitter / receiver pairs.

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7
Q

Physical Link

A

What lies between transmitter and receiver.

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8
Q

Guided Media

A

Some kind of physical wire / cable.

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9
Q

Unguided Media

A

Signals propagate freely (ex. Radio)

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10
Q

Packet Switching

A

End hosts take application level messages, divide them into chunks, put them inside packets and sent them into the internet.

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11
Q

Forwarding

A

A local action. Moving an arriving packet from the input link of the router to its appropriate output link. Controlled by the forwarding table.

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12
Q

Routing

A

A global action. Determined the source to destination paths taken by paths.

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13
Q

Packet Transmission Delay

A

Takes L / R seconds to transmit (push out) L-bit packet into link at R bits.

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14
Q

Packet Transmission Delay

A

Takes L / R seconds to transmit (push out) L-bit packet into link at R bits.

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15
Q

Store and Forward

A

Entire packet must arrive at router before it can be transmitted on the next line.

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16
Q

Queueing

A

Occurs when work arrives faster than it can be serviced.

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17
Q

Packet Queuing

A

If arrival rate (in bps) to link exceeds transmission rate (in bps) of link for some period of time.

18
Q

Packet Loss

A

With packet queueing, packets can be dropped (lost) if memory (buffer) in router fills up

19
Q

Frequency Division Multiplex (FDM)

A

Each allocated each own band. Can transmit at max rate or that narrow band.

20
Q

Time Division Multiplexing (TDM)

A

Each call allocated periodic slots, can transmit at max rate of wider frequency band only during its time slot.

21
Q

Excessive Congestion Possible

A

Packet delay and loss due to buffer overflow.

22
Q

Sources of Delay

A
  1. Processing delay
  2. Queuing delay
  3. Transmission delay
  4. Propagation delay
23
Q

Processing Delay

A

Associated with forwarding table lookup forwarding a packet through the switch.

24
Q

Queueing Delay

A

Amount of time a packet has to wait to queue at an output link for transmission.

25
Q

Transmission Delay

A

Time is takes for all the bits in those packets to be pushed into outgoing link.

26
Q

Propagation Delay

A

Amount it takes from when a bit first enters the sending side of the link till it’s out.

27
Q

Throughput

A

The rate (bits / sec) that are being sent from a sender to a receiver.

28
Q

Layers

A
  1. Application layer
  2. Transport layer
  3. Network layer
  4. Link layer
  5. Physical layer
29
Q

Application layer

A

Includes application layer protocols that control the sending and receiving of messages among the distributed pieces of the system. (HTML, IMAP, SMTP, DNS)

30
Q

Transport Layer

A

Transports application layer messages form one process to another (TCP, UDP).

31
Q

Network Layer

A

Transports data from one end device or host to another. Routing of data grams from source to destination (IP, Routing protocols).

32
Q

Link Layer

A

Transfers data between two network devices that are at either ends of the same communication link. Data transfer between neighboring network devices elements (Ethernet, WiFi).

33
Q

Physical Layer

A

Controls the sending of bits into this communication link. Bits on wire

34
Q

Application Layer Role

A

Exchanges messages to implement some application service using services of transport layer.

35
Q

Transport Layer Role

A

Exchanges those messages from one part of the network to the other. It will take a message from the application layer and include some additional information with that message to create a new data unit, known as a segment.

36
Q

Network Layer Role

A

Encapsulated the transport layer segment and adds its own link layer intonation header to create a network layer datagram.

37
Q

Link Layer Role

A

Encapsulated the network layer datagram and adds its own link layer information header. The protocol data unit is transferred between the link sender and the link layer is known as a frame.

38
Q

Packet Sniffing

A

Broadcast media. Promiscuous network interface reads / records all packets passing by.

39
Q

Denial of Service (DoS)

A

Attackers make resources unavailable to legitimate traffic by overwhelming resource with bogus traffic.

40
Q

Lines of Defense

A
  1. Authentication
  2. Confidentiality
  3. Integrity Checks
  4. Access Restrictions
  5. Firewalls
41
Q

Lines of Defense

A
  1. Authentication
  2. Confidentiality
  3. Integrity Checks
  4. Access Restrictions
  5. Firewalls

Internet Technology (7 decks)

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