Chapter 1 Flashcards
Define data.
Data is raw unprocessed data, monomers of information.
Define information.
Information is data that is processed to reveal information.
List the levels in which data quality can be examined. ARTCUU
Accuracy - data accurate and from a verifiable source
Relevance - relevant to the organization
Timeliness - data updated on time
Completeness - required data being stored?
Uniqueness - no redundancy
Unambiguous - clear meaning of data
Define data governance.
It is a methodology defined by an organization to safeguard data quality, unique to each organization with policies for managing data.
What is a database?
It is an integrated computer structure that stores end-user data and metadata.
What is a database management system (DBMS)?
It is a collection of programs that manages database structure and controls access to data.
List the advantages of a DBMS.
Improved data sharing.
Better data integration.
Minimized data inconsistency.
Improved data access
What are the types of databases?
A Single-user database - supports one user at a time.
A Desktop database - a single-user database running on a PC.
Multi-user database - supports multiple users at the same time.
Workgroup database - a multi-user database that supports a single department.
Enterprise database - a multi-user database that supports an entire organization
Centralized database - supports data located at a single site.
Distributed database - supports data distributed across several sites.
OLTP database - supports a company’s day-to-day operations.
Data warehouse - Stores data used to generate information required to make tactical or strategic decisions.
Open-source database - software that is free to acquire and use the product itself.
NOSQL
What is database design?
It is the activities that focus on the design of the database structure that will be used to store and manage end-user data.
What does a poorly designed database lead to?
Errors lead to bad decisions which lead to the failure of an organization.
Explain in details, the problems that data redundancy can lead to.
Redundant data results in data inconsistencies and can lead to data anomalies. There are 3 types of data anomalies, update anomalies (occurs when an inconsistency is introduced as changes are made to existing records, insert anomaly (occurs when an inconsistency is introduced when entering new records, deletion anomaly (occurs when an inconsistency is introduced when deleting
records .
List the functions of a DBMS.
Data storage management
Data dictionary management
Security management
