Chapter 1 Flashcards
What are the Major fields in I/O Psychology
- Personnel Psychology
- Organizational Psychology
- Human Factors/Resources
Define the Major fields in I/O Psychology
Personnel Psychology - process of selecting employees
Org - behavior of employees (conflict management, communication)
HF/R - environment. making sure that humans interact safely
Four major themes in I/O Psychology
- An emphasis on production and
efficiency - A focus on employee selection
- Emphasis on statistical analysis
- Balance between science and
practice
When was I/O Psychology first established?
1900’s
What are the early books in the I/O that has been published?
- The Theory of Advertising and Human Efficiency in Business by Walter Dill Scott
- The Principles of Scientific Management (Frederick Winslow Taylor)
- Psychology and Industrial Efficiency (Hugo Munsterberg)
When was Journal of Applied Psychology first published
1917
What year was World War I provided psychologists with the opportunity to enact large-scale testing an evaluation using the Army Alpha and Army Beta tests.
1918
Differentiate Army Alpha and Army Beta
Army Alpha: For soldiers who could read
Army Beta: For soldiers who could not read
This marked a point where psychologists
became more interested in examining
worker attitudes and work environment
quality.
Hawthorne studies
Employees change their behavior due solely to the fact that they are receiving attention or are being observed.
Hawthorne Effect
Division 14 Psychological of the American Association was established, later renamed to ____?
Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology (SIOP)
What year was WW2?
1940’s
What year was assessment centers and biodata began to be widely used. Interviews and application blank data were the most popular selection?
1950’s
Two Important American civil rights acts were passed,, what are these?
1963 Equal Pay Act (aimed at abolishing wage disparity based on sex)
1964 Civil Rights Act (aimed to abolish discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, or national origin)
What happened in 1970s?
Saw many psychologists write about important topics such as employee satisfaction and motivation
1974: B.F Skinner published ____ which prompted a shift to the usage of behavior-modification techniques in organizations
Beyond Freedom and Dignity,
In 1980s and 1990s, saw four major changes to I/O Psychology. Name the 4.
- Increased statistical use of techniques methods of analysis. complex and
- A new interest in the application of cognitive psychology to industry.
- Increased interest in occupational health psychology.
- I/O psychologists took a renewed interest in developing methods to select employees.
2000s to Present
Rapid advances in technology
Focuses on determining the competencies needed to perform a job and helping employees develop them.
Industrial Psychology
Focuses on creating organizational structure and culture that will motivate people to excel and providing safe working conditions
Organizational
I/O focuses on the ____, whereas MBA programs focus on ______.
I/O focuses on the people, whereas MBA programs focus on the broader aspects of running businesses and organizations.
Students are trained first to be scientists who then later apply the science of their field to find solutions to real-world problems.
Scientist-practitioner model
Involves teaching and conducting research, although some work as school administrators.
Academe
Provides external clients and organizations with services to help them hire, train, and design systems for an effective workforce
Consulting Firms
