Chapter 1

Question 1

Axillary

Answer 1

Armpit

Question 2

Brachial

Answer 2

Upper arm

Question 3

Antebrachial

Answer 3

Forearm

Question 4

Cubital

Answer 4

Elbow

Question 5

Antecubital

Answer 5

Front of elbow

Question 6

Palmar

Answer 6

Palm side of hand

Question 7

Inguinal

Answer 7

Base of spine, tail bone

Question 8

Popliteal

Answer 8

Behind knee

Question 9

Crural

Answer 9

Leg below knee

Question 10

Aural

Answer 10

Calf of leg

Question 11

Femoral

Answer 11

Thigh

Question 12

Dorsum

Answer 12

Top of foot and back of hand

Question 13

Plantar

Answer 13

Bottom / sole of foot

Question 14

Process

Answer 14

A part of a bone that “sticks out”

Question 15

Tubercle, tuberosity

Answer 15

A bump or bulging place on a bone

Question 16

Fossa

Answer 16

A smooth, flat part of a bone

Question 17

Head (bony landmark)

Answer 17

Enlarged rounded end of a long bone

Question 18

Condyle

Answer 18

Dual rounded protruding ends of a long bone that articulate with the next bone

Question 19

Epicondyle

Answer 19

A place on a long bone just above the condyle

Question 20

Foramen

Answer 20

A hole in a bone; vessels, nerves or other structures pass through the hole

Question 21

What kind of joint are:
Sutures, teeth in sockets, and the meeting of the 1st rib and sternum

Answer 21

Synarthrotic

Question 22

Most ligaments are ________ the joint capsule.

Answer 22

Outside

Question 23

Extracapsular ligaments

Answer 23

Ligaments that are outside the joint capsule and span the bones that make up the joint.

Question 24

Intracapsular ligaments

Answer 24

Ligaments that are embedded within the fibrous material of the joint capsule itself, or can be completely inside the joint cavity

Question 25

Cartilage pads

Answer 25

(Small discs or menisci) - extra padding, protection, shaping and containment inside the synovial cavity

Question 26

Bursae / (single is “bursa”)

Answer 26

-A sac containing synovial fluid that serves as a shock absorber and reduces friction between moving structures. Are primarily found where a tendon may rub on a bone

Question 27

How is the composition of a bursa similar to a joint capsule?

Answer 27

They both have fibrous connective tissue lined with synovial membrane that secretes synovial fluid

Question 28

Six types of synovial joints

Answer 28

-Ball and Socket -Pivot -Hinge -ellipsoid / condyloid - gliding - saddle

Question 29

Ball and socket joints are _______ because they have _____ axes

Answer 29

Triaxial, 3 axes

Question 30

Pivot joints are ______ because they have ____ axes

Answer 30

Uniaxial, 1 axis

Question 31

Hinge joints are _______uniaxial because they have ___ axes

Answer 31

Uniaxial, 1 axis

Question 32

Ellipsoid / Condyloid joints are ________ because they have _____ axes

Answer 32

Biaxial, 2 axes

Question 33

Gliding joints are _______ because they have _____ axes

Answer 33

Non-axial, no axes

Question 34

Saddle joints are _____ because they have ______ axes

Answer 34

Biaxial, 2 axes

Question 35

flexion and extension occur in which plane?

Answer 35

Sagittal plane

Question 36

Abduction and addiction occur in which plane?

Answer 36

Frontal plane

Question 37

Left and right Lateral flexion occur in which plane?

Answer 37

Frontal

Question 38

Lateral (External) rotation and medial (internal) rotation occur in which plane?

Answer 38

Transverse plane

Question 39

Left and right rotation or the neck and trunk occur in which plane?

Answer 39

Sagittal plane

Question 40

The Sagittal plane pairs with the ____________ axis

Answer 40

Coronal axis

Question 41

The axis is __________ to the plane.

Answer 41

Perpendicular

Question 42

The coronal plane pairs with the ________ axis

Answer 42

Sagittal axis

Question 43

The transverse plane pairs with the ____________ axis

Answer 43

The longitudinal axis

Question 44

Non-planar movements

Answer 44

Movements that do not fit into the simple 3-plane/3-axis system

Question 45

Examples of nonplanar movements

Answer 45

- Oblique / diagonal / circular movements - Specialty actions

Question 46

What are the “specialty action” movements?

Answer 46

-Elevation -depression -lateral deviation

Question 47

Why are elevation, depression, and lateral deviation non-planar movements?

Answer 47

These movements are sliding/gliding, so they don’t turn about an axis

Question 48

Why are oblique/diagonal/circular movements non-planar?

Answer 48

They are analyzed as combinations and sequences of the basic planar movements

Question 49

Flexion and extension pairs occur on ______ axes

Answer 49

One axis

Question 50

Abduction and adduction pairs occur on ______ axes

Answer 50

Two axes

Question 51

Rotation pairs occur on ______ axes

Answer 51

Three axes

Question 52

Why is a pivot joint Uniaxial?

Answer 52

It only does rotation

Question 53

Why is a ball and socket joint triaxial?

Answer 53

It does all three action pairs

Question 54

What are the joint axis movement pairs?

Answer 54

-flexion/extension -abduction/adduction -rotation

Question 55

Why is a hinge joint Uniaxial?

Answer 55

It only does flexion/extension

Question 56

Why is a gliding joint nonaxial?

Answer 56

It does small gliding movements and does not move about an axis

Question 57

Why is a saddle joint Biaxial?

Answer 57

It does flexion/extension and abduction/adduction, but it has a limited form of rotation also