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Biology 10 > Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What does Biology mean?

A

The study of living things

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2
Q

What does ‘bios’ and ‘logy’ mean?

A

bios means life. Logy means ‘science of’ or ‘study of’

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3
Q

What are organisms?

A

Organisms are living things

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4
Q

What are habitats?

A

Habitats are regions where particular organisms normally live.

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5
Q

What is botany?

A

Botany is the study of plants

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6
Q

What is the study of animals?

A

zoology

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7
Q

What is the study of the physical structure?

A

Human anatomy and physiology is the study of physical structure.

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8
Q

Two thirds of the food we eat comes from what?

A

Plants

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9
Q

One third of the food we eat comes from what?

A

Animals

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10
Q

Most plants of what kind produce fruits and seeds?

A

Most plants with flowers produce fruits and seeds.

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11
Q

Land plants are known as what?

A

trees, shrubs, herbs, or vines

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12
Q

What is a woody plant?

A

A plant that lives several years and produces a single tall woody stem.

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13
Q

Nonwoody plants are referred to as?

A

herbaceous plants…or herbs

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14
Q

What is a taproot system?

A

A large primary root that goes down into the ground, with only a couple roots branching off of it.

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15
Q

What is a fibrous root system?

A

Primary root remains small while a lot of roots branch off to form a mass.

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16
Q

About half of the plants known to man are called what?

A

angiosperms

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17
Q

One of the largest families of angiosperms which contains the disk and ray family is known as what?

A

composite family (includes sunflowers, dandelion, black eyed susan…etc.)

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18
Q

What are the marks of a mint plant.

A

they have a square stem, and are often very aromatic

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19
Q

What is the mark of a parsley family

A

They are very complex in design. Some poisonous plants in this family is water hemlock and poison hemlock.

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20
Q

What is the mark of a rose family

A

open, five-petal design. (includes blackberries, raspberries, apple, almond, etc)

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21
Q

The pea family is known as?

A

ONe of the largest families of flowering plants

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22
Q

Many of our veggies come from the leaves stems or roots of plants in what family?

A

The mustard family

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23
Q

Many of the nightshade plants are what?

A

poisonous

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24
Q

The cashew family includes what 3 common plants.

A

poison ivy, poison sumac, poison oak

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25
Q

members of the pea family are also known as

A

legumes

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26
Q

What provides nitrates to the soil from decomposing plants and animals?

A

Nitrifying bacteria

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27
Q

The movement of nitrogen from the air in to the soil and back into the air is called what?

A

The nitrogen cycle.

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28
Q

Grasses can also be called what?

A

Graminoids

29
Q

What are among the most important groups of flowering seed plants?

A

Grasses or Graminoids

30
Q

The three most important cereal crops are?

A

wheat, corn, rice

31
Q

what type of root system does grass plant have?

A

fibrous

32
Q

What are perennials?

A

a plant that lives hundreds or even thousands of years!!

33
Q

What trees have broad flat leaves?

A

broadleaf trees

34
Q

What do nearly all broadleaf trees have?

A

Nearly all broadleaf trees are flowering seed plants or angiosperms.

35
Q

Are angiosperms dicots or monocots?

A

They are dicots

36
Q

Most trees in temperate regions are what?

A

deciduous

37
Q

the leaves of a tree form its bushy head called what?

A

crown

38
Q

What trees have a wide-spreading crown?

A

Oaks

39
Q

What trees have a vaselike crown, and which trees have a tall and narrow crown?

A

The first is Elms, and the tall narrow crown is poplars

40
Q

What tree can be identified by the unusual appearance of it’s bark?

A

paper birch

41
Q

Flowers on trees that appear long and tassle like clusters are called?

A

catkins

42
Q

A system is what?

A

A group of structure designed to function together as a unit to perform a particular job for an organism.

43
Q

A typical flowering plant has just two systems..what systems?

A

The root system, and the shoot system.

44
Q

Which is above ground the root system or the shoot system?

A

The shoot system is above ground, it holds up leaves to the sun.

45
Q

What does the root system do?

A

It is underground and stores food and anchors the plant.

46
Q

Each root, stem, leaf and flower of a plant may be considered as a what?

A

Organ

47
Q

When you observe plants you will find three basic leaf shapes. Which leaf shapes will you find?

A

Broad and flat, long and narrow, needlelike or scalelike

48
Q

What is the blade?

A

the flat, green portion of the leaf

49
Q

What is the petiole

A

the leafstalk.

50
Q

What are stipules?

A

small leaflike or scalelike structures that help to cover the leaf when it was developing.

51
Q

Leaves which do not have a petiole are called?

A

sessiles

52
Q

What is the diff. between simple leaves and compound leaves?

A

Simple leaves have one blade on every petiole, compound leaves have more than one blade on every petiole.

53
Q

Each small blade on a compound leaf is referred to as a?

A

leaflet

54
Q

The movement of the petiole is an example of what?

A

phototropism

55
Q

What is tissue?

A

Living material which it’s duty is to perform a particular task for the organs of an organism.

56
Q

What three kinds of tissue is there?

A

Structural tissue, vascular tissue, and meristematic tissue.

57
Q

There are four types of structural tissue…name them?

A

epidermal tissue, cork, parenchyma, and support and strengthening tissue.

58
Q

What does Epidermal tissue do?

A

It protects and covers leaves roots, stems. etc.

59
Q

What is the cuticle layer?

A

A waxy substance used to seal water in the plant.

60
Q

What are root hairs?

A

specialized cells of the epidermal tissue, which absorb water and nutrients for the root.

61
Q

What does the cork tissue do?

A

Cork tissue protects and waterproofs the stems and certain roots of woody plants

62
Q

What does Parenchyma tissue do?

A

It makes and stores food

63
Q

What is Support and strengthening tissue?

A

the cells of this tissue live only a short time but they strengthen leaves.

64
Q

What are vascular tissues?

A

these tissues are sap-conducting tissues. This tissue is found in the stems, roots, and veins of the leaves.

65
Q

There are two types of sap…name them.

A

the first type is water with dissolved minerals that moves upward from the roots to the leaves. The second type consists of food materials that travel downward the stems and roots.

66
Q

Which sap travels downward and which travels down the plant, and which travels up?

A

Xylem travels up. and Phloem travels down.

67
Q

What is the purpose of Meristematic tissue?

A

Meristematic tissue helps the growth and repair of plants.

68
Q

the internal layers of the meristematic tissue is called what?

A

cambium layers

69
Q

What does vascular cambium and cork cambium produce?

A

new vascular tissue. and new cork cambium.

Biology 10 (1 decks)

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