Chapter 1

Question 1

Cortisol excess causes what?

Answer 1

Cushing syndrome

Question 2

What is acromegaly?

Answer 2

Growth hormone excess

Question 3

What are some similarities between nervous and endocrine system?

Answer 3

Both communicate by chemical means

Question 4

Several chemicals act as what?

Answer 4

Hormones & neurotransmitters

Question 5

Some hormones are secreted by neurons called?

Answer 5

Neuroendocrine cells (oxytocin, antidiuretic hormone)

Question 6

Some neurotransmitters & hormones produce identical effects on ?

Answer 6

Target cells (glucagon and norepinephrine both stimulate glycogen hydrolysis in liver)

Question 7

What are the methods of communication?

Answer 7

Autocines, gap junctions, neurotransmitters, paracrine, endocrine

Question 8

Endocrine cells and tissue require what?

Answer 8

Target cells with receptors

Question 9

What is chronic hormone secretion?

Answer 9

Relatively constant blood levels of hormone over long periods of time.
Example: thyroid hormone

Question 10

What is Acute hormone secretion

Answer 10

Occurs when the hormone concentration changes suddenly & irregularly & its circulating levels differ W each stimulus.
Example: epinephrine is released i large amounts in response to stress

Question 11

What is episodic hormone secretion?

Answer 11

Occurs when hormones are secreted at family predictable intervals & concentrations.
Example:Reproductive hormones

Question 12

What is the anterior lobe Called in the pituitary?

Answer 12

Adenohypophysis

Question 13

What is the posterior lobe called in the pituitary?

Answer 13

Neurohyophysis

Question 14

The hypothalamus is also called the?

Answer 14

The control Center

Question 15

What does the hypothalamus regulate?

Answer 15

Food, water, temp, sex

Question 16

How many hormones does the hypothalamus produce in total?

Answer 16

8

Question 17

What are the 4 releasing hormones?

Answer 17

Thyrotropin,corticotropin, gonadotrophin, growth hormone

Question 18

What are the an inhibiting hormones?

Answer 18

Prolactin-inhibiting hormone, somatostatin

Question 19

Is also produces what? That is stored in posterior pituitary

Answer 19

Oxytocin & anti diuretic hormone

Question 20

Hormones are not secreted At a?

Answer 20

Constant rate

Question 21

What is - feed back inhibition?

Answer 21

Hormone from target organ inhibits secretion of tropic hormone by pituitary
Example: thyroid hormone inhibits TRH & TSH secretion

Question 22

What is + feedback?

Answer 22

Hormone from target organ stimulates secretion of tropic
Example: estrogen from ovaries stimulates LH secretion

Question 23

Where is the pineal gland attached?

Answer 23

To roof of 3rd ventricle beneath the posterior end of corpus callous

Question 24

After the age of 7 the Pineal gland undergoes what?

Answer 24

Involution

Question 25

What is the thymus

Answer 25

A billowed gland positioned mediastinum superior to the heart

Question 26

The thymus goes through involution after what?

Answer 26

Puberty

Question 27

What are the 3 functions within the thymus?

Answer 27

Endocrine, lymphatic, immune

Question 28

What hormones does the thymus secrete?

Answer 28

Thymopoietin, thymosin and thymulin( which stimuli development of other lymphatic organs and activity of T lymphocytes

Question 29

Immune function?

Answer 29

Site of maturation of y cells important in immune defense