Chapter 1 Flashcards
Which force produced by the wings supports the airplane in flight?
a
Which force is produced by the engine-propeller?
a
Which force resists the motion of the airplane through the air?
a
Lift and weight are generally how much greater than thrust and drag in straight and level flight at a constant speed?
a
What relationships exist between lift and weight, and between thrust and drag, when the airplane is flying straight and level at a constant airspeed?
a
Which surface is designed to create an aerodynamic lifting force as air flows over it?
a
What do you call a steady airflow around an airfoil in which succeeding parcels of air follow each other?
a
Where on an airfoil does the smooth boundary layer flow separate from the airfoil surface and become turbulent?
a
Static pressure in the air is exerted in which direction(s)?
a
Which pressure is caused by motion?
a
What is total pressure energy the sum of?
a
In streamline flow, if dynamic pressure increases, what happens to the static pressure?
a
What does the expression “1/2V2” represent?
a
What line is drawn half-way between the upper and lower surfaces of the wing to give an indication of its curvature?
a
The wing shape and the angle of attack determine the profile that the airfoil presents to the airflow. What else do they determine?
a
True or False? Forces acting on an airfoil in flight, as a result of the changes in static pressure around it, may be considered to act through the center of pressure.
T
Describe how the relative airflow relates to the flight path of an airplane?
a
Define the term angle of attack?
a
If the angle of attack is gradually increased in normal cruise flight, what will happen to the lifting ability of the wing?
a
On a wing, the force of lift acts perpendicular to the force of drag acts parallel to the:
A. chord line
B. flight path
C. longitudinal axis
a
What does the angle of attack of a wing control directly?
a
What happens to the center of pressure as the angle of attack is gradually increased in the normal flight range?
a
True or False? Beyond the stall angle of attack, the lifting ability of the wing decreases significantly and the center of pressure moves rearward on the wing.
T
How will frost on the wings of an airplane affect takeoff performance?
a
What is drag?
a
True or false? If drag can be kept low, thrust can be kept low.
t
Describe the two basic groups of total drag.
a
True or False? As airspeed increases, drag caused by skin friction decreases.
a
How can form drag be reduced?
a
True or false? The spanwise flow of air on the upper wing surface is toward the wing root.
a
When is the formation of wingtip vortices and induced drag greatest?
a
When is the total drag at a minimum?
a
Why is the thrust requirement greater at high speeds and low angles of attack?
a
True or false? Minimum drag means minimum thrust to maintain airspeed.
a
What does the lift/drag ratio describe?
a
What effect does extending the flaps have on the camber of the wing?
a
Aside from lift, what do trailing-edge flaps increase?
a
The percentage increase in drag usually exceeds that in lift when the flaps are extended. Do flaps therefore increase the lift/drag ratio?
a
True or false? The extension of flaps on a glide approach allows a steeper approach path at a constant speed.
a
True or false? With flaps extended, the nose attitude of the airplane is higher.
a
True or false? Slots increase the angle of attack at which the wing stalls by delaying the separation of the smooth airflow over the upper surface of the wing.
a
What does a propeller convert engine torque into?
a
True or false? At high altitudes, when the air is less dense, a propeller will be more efficient.
a
Why is a propeller blade twisted?
a
True or false? A fixed-pitch propeller is efficient at only one set of RPM and airspeed conditions.
a
True or false? A constant-speed propeller has a variable pitch angle and is efficient over a wide range of RPM and airspeed conditions.
True
As the forward speed of an airplane with a fixed-pitch propeller increases, with the RPM remaining constant, the angle of attack of the propeller blades:
a. decreases as forward speed increases.
b. increases as forward speed increases.
c. remains unaltered as forward speed increases.
a
In an airplane with a clockwise rotating propeller, what does P-factor, or asymmetric blade effect cause the airplane to do?
a
During the takeoff roll in a single-engine airplane, the left tire will carry more load. Why?
a
When is torque effect greatest in a single-engine airplane?
a
How can you keep the airplane tracking straight down the runway during the takeoff roll in a single-engine airplane?
a
